B1.1 Keeping Healthy (Part 1/2 - B1.1.1 Diet + Exercise) Flashcards
Name the 7 nutrients needed to keep the body healthy.
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Water
- Fat
- Minerals
- Vitamins
- Fibre
What is one use of carbohydrates and where are they found?
- To release energy
- In starchy foods e.g pasta
What are two uses of proteins and where are they found?
- Cell growth
- Cell repair
- Meats, eggs, dairy foods
What are two uses of fats and where are they found?
- To keep you warm
- To release energy
- In fatty foods
What is one use of minerals and where are they found?
- To maintain health
- Salt, milk
What is one use of vitamins and where are they found?
- To prevent diseases
- Fruit and veg
What is one use of fibre and where are they found?
- Provide roughage
- Wholemeal bread, porridge
What is the use of water?
Needed for cells and body fluids
Define ‘metabolic rate’
How quickly chemical reactions are carried out in the body cells
Name 5 things that affect metabolic rate
- Size
- Inheritance
- Gender
- Amount of exercise
- Proportion of muscle to fat in the body
Define ‘malnourished’
Having an unbalanced diet
What 2 things should a healthy diet do?
- Have the right balance of the different foods you need - - Have the right amount of energy
Name 3 types of fats
- Saturated fats
- Mono-saturated fats
- Poly-unsaturated fats
Describe the effect of saturated fats and where they are found.
- They increase blood cholesterol levels
- Found in animal fats e.g butter, meat, cheese
Describe the effect of mono-saturated fats and where they are found.
- They reduce overall blood cholesterol levels and improve balance between HDLS and LDLS
- Found in oils, margarines, oily fish
Describe the effect of poly-saturated fats and where they are found.
- The same effect as mono-unsaturated fats but better
- Corn oil, sunflower oil
What deficiency disease does a lack of Vitamin C give and what are its symptoms?
Scurvy - spots on skin, bleeding gums
What deficiency disease does a lack of protein give and what are its symptoms?
Kwashikor - big belly
What deficiency disease does a lack of calcium give and what are its symptoms?
Osteoporosis - brittle bones
What deficiency disease does a lack of iron give and what are its symptoms?
Anaemia - unusual tiredness
What deficiency disease does a lack of Vitamin D give and what are its symptoms?
Rickets - soft bones
Name 4 symptoms of starvation.
- Periods stopping
- Body hair growth
- Lack of focus
- Immune deficiency
Name 4 obesity related health problems.
- Arthritis
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease
- Type 2 diabetes
Name 5 factors that increases the chance of getting type 2 diabetes.
- Obesity
- Faulty genes
- Bad diet
- Smoking
- Lack of exercise
