B1.1 Keeping healthy Flashcards
What does a healthy diet contain? (2 points)
- The right balance of the different foods you need
- The right amount of energy
What are the 7 food groups?
Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Minerals Vitamins Fibre Water
Where does all energy come from?
The sun
Describe a balanced diet in terms of energy
The energy in is equal to the energy going out
What are carbohydrates, proteins and fats used for? (2)
To release energy and build cells
When is a person malnourished and what can this lead to?
- When they don’t have a balanced diet
- Being overweight or underweight
Name one consequence of malnourishment
- Type 2 diabetes
- Reduced resistance to infection
What is the metabolic rate?
The rate of chemical reactions in the body
What can metabolic rate be affected by? (make 3 points)
- Inherited factors
- Amount of exercise the person does
- Proportion of body fat to muscle
How do bacteria and viruses make us ill? (2)
- Produce poisons (toxins)
- Viruses damage the cells that they reproduce in
How do white blood cells protect the body from pathogens? (3)
- Ingest pathogens
- Produce antibodies
- Produce antitoxins
What do antibodies do?
What do antitoxins do?
- Destroy particular bacteria/viruses
- Counteract toxins released by pathogens
What is a disadvantage of painkillers?
They do not kill the pathogen
How do antibiotics work?
Kill infectious bacteria inside the body
Why is it difficult to develop drugs that kill viruses?
Because they will also damage the cells that the viruses reproduce in
