B1.1 Cell Structures

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Smallest functional unit in an organisms. Cells are the building blocks of life

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Subcellular structure that controls which substances can move into and out of the cell

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

Subcellular structure that surrounds the cell, providing support

Question 4

Chloroplast

Answer 4

Subcellular structure where photosynthesis takes place

Only in the green parts of plants

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

A ‘jelly-like’ substance found in cells, where all the chemical reactions take place

Question 6

Electron microscope

Answer 6

A microscope that uses electrons to produce an image

Question 7

Flagellum

Answer 7

A ‘tail-like’ structure which allows cells to move

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

Subcellular structure where respiration takes place

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

Subcellular structure that controls the cell, and contains genetic material

Question 10

Plasmid

Answer 10

A circular ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell

Question 11

prokaryotic cell

Answer 11

Cell without a nucleus, whose genetic material is found within the cytoplasm

• simple, typically smaller
• bacteria cells

Question 12

Resolution

Answer 12

A measure of the smallest object which can be seen using an instrument

Question 13

Vacuole

Answer 13

Subcellular structure that contains cell sap and helps to keep the cell firm

Question 14

Genetic material

Answer 14

Floats freely in the cytoplasm, one long strand of DNA, normally circular

Question 15

Pili

Answer 15

Tiny ‘hairlike’ structure, enables cells to attach to structures and used to transfer genetic material between bacteria

Question 16

Slime capsule

Answer 16

Outside cell wall, protects from bacteria drying out and poisonous substances

Question 17

Light microscope

Answer 17

A microscope that uses light to observe small structures in detail