B1.1 Carbohydrates and lipids Flashcards
Which molecule in image B1.1.1 is a lipid?
C
Which type(s) of fatty acid in the diet is/are positively correlated withan increased risk of coronary heart disease?
I. Saturated
II. Trans unsaturated
III. Cis unsaturated
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II only
D. II and III only
B
Which fatty acid in image B1.1.3 would occur in a trans fat?
D
Which molecular diagram in image B1.1.4 shows part of a cellulose molecule?
A
Which drawing in image B.1.1.5 represents beta-D-glucose?
A
The image in B.1.1.6 shows a molecule of oleic acid. What describes oleic acid?
A. Cis polyunsaturated
B. Cis monounsaturated
C. Trans polyunsaturated
D. Trans monounsaturated
B
What describes the structure of glycogen?
A. Unbranched polymer of alpha-D-glucose linked by 1,4 glycosidiclinkages
B. Branched polymer of alpha-D-glucose linked by 1,6 glycosidiclinkages with branches linked by 1,4 glycosidic linkages
C. Unbranched polymer of alpha-D-glucose linked by 1,6 glycosidiclinkages
D. Branched polymer of alpha-D-glucose linked by 1,4 glycosidiclinkages with branches linked by 1,6 glycosidic linkages
D
What distinguishes cellulose from glycogen and starch?
A. Only cellulose is found in plants.
B. Only cellulose is made up of glucose monomers.
C. Cellulose is far more branched than starch and glycogen.
D. Cellulose has a structural role whereas starch and glycogen functionin energy storage.
D
Pastry cream or confectioners’ custard is made with a combination of milk (richin casein and lactose), egg yolks, sugar, starch and a flavouring such as vanilla.
(a)
Describe the structure of starch.
a. starch is a carbohydrate ✔
b. starch is formed by carbon, hydrogen and oxygen ✔
c. it is a polymer/chain/polysaccharide ✔
d. formed from monosaccharides/simple sugars/glucose ✔
e. linked together by condensation/dehydration ✔
f. consists of amylose and amylopectin ✔
g. amylose is a long chain/unbranched ✔
h. amylopectin is branched ✔
State the property of amphipathic phospholipids that enables them to form a bilayer.
have both a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic region
OR
have both a polar and a non-polar region✅
State the reason cis and trans fatty acids are said to be unsaturated.
they have a double bond between carbon/C atoms
**OR **
they could hold more hydrogen ✅
Label the area in image B1.1.12 where cellulose is found in the micrograph of aplant cell.
label placed anywhere along outside perimeter/cell wall of plant cell
Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth.Describe the structure of cellulose.
a. unbranched/straight chain of glucose molecules
OR
unbranched/straight-chain polysaccharide
b. formed of beta glucose;
c. formed by condensation reactions/glycosidic bonds
OR
1, 4 linkage
d. hydrogen bonds form between cellulose chains
e. form microfibrils
Outline one reason for humans being unable to digest cellulose.
humans lack cellulase/appropriate enzyme
Explain the advantages of having both lipid and carbohydrateas energy stores in the human body.
a. lipid is long-term energy storage
OR
carbohydrate is short-term energy storage/readily available ✔
b. lipids are insoluble, so easier to store
OR
carbohydrates/sugars are soluble, so easy to transport by blood ✔
c. lipids store more energy «per gram»
OR
lipids occupy less space «per energy/kJ» ✔
