B10 The Nervous System

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

The regulation of internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function in response to internal and external changes

Question 2

Internal conditions that need to be controlled

Answer 2

Water levels
Blood glucose concentration
Body temperature (37)
Carbon dioxide levels
Blood pH
Ion levels

Question 3

How is homeostasis controlled

Answer 3

Automatic control systems

Question 4

The 3 Automatic control systems

Answer 4

Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Endocrine System

Question 5

CNS

Answer 5

Brain and spinal chord

Question 6

PNS

Answer 6

All nerve cells

Question 7

Stimulus

Answer 7

A change in the environment of an organism

Question 8

Sense organs

Answer 8

Stimuli are picked up by sense organs

Touch, smell, hear, see, taste

Question 9

The 3 types of neuron

Answer 9

Sensory neurons
Relay neurons
Motor neurons

Question 10

Sensory neuron

Answer 10

convert external stimuli from the organism’s environment into electrical impulses.

Question 11

Relay neuron

Answer 11

Connect sensory and motor neurons

Question 12

Motor neurone

Answer 12

Nerve cells forming part of a pathway which impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland.

Question 13

Pathway of nerve impulses in a conscious reaction

Answer 13

Stimulus-Receptor-Sensory neurone-CNS-Relay -Motor neurone-Effector-Response

Question 14

Synapse

Answer 14

A gas between 2 neurones

Question 15

Reflex action

Answer 15

An unconscious reaction to a stimulus

Question 16

Pathway of a nerve impulse

Answer 16

Stimulus-Receptor-Sensory neurone-CNS-Relay neurone-Motor neurone-Effector- Response

Question 17

The Endocrine (hormonal) system

Answer 17

The second control system of the body

Question 18

The function of the endocrine system

Answer 18

It is made up of different glands which produce hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones travel to target organs and bind to receptors. A response occurs

Question 19

Pathway of the Endocrine system

Answer 19

Gland-Hormone-Bloodstream-Target organ-response

Question 20

What is a synapse

Answer 20

A minute gap between neurones, across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.