B1 Science

Question 1

living organisms contain genetic material. Genetic material contains instructions that control how cells and organisms develop and function.

Question 2

All the genetic materlal of a cells the organism’s_______

Answer 2

Genome

Question 3

Are plant cells eukaryotic and do they have nucleus?

Answer 3

Yea

Question 4

Where is the genetic material or dna stored ?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Name some organelles that both plant and animal cells have

Answer 5

Cell membrane
Ribosome
Nuclears
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria

Question 6

Examples of eukaryotic cells

Answer 6

Plants and animal cells

Question 7

Name Organelles that are in plant cells and not in animal cells

Answer 7

Cell wall
Vacuole
Chloroplast

Question 8

Prokaryotic cells do not contain ?

Answer 8

Nucleus

Question 9

Where are the genetic materials or dna stored in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells ?

Answer 9

Eukaryotic cells-nucleus
Prokaryotic-they store freely or in loops called plasmid

Question 10

Do prokaryotic cells have organelles(E.g vacuole,mitochondria) ?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Example of prokaryotic cells ?

Answer 11

Bacteria

Question 12

What is a dna ?

Answer 12

It is a polymer (long chain) of nucleotide

Question 13

Structures of a dna

Answer 13

Has two strands
Nucleotide pair up
Double helix shape

Question 14

How do you prepare a microscope slide ?

Answer 14

•Add a thin layer of the specimen in the slide
•Add a drop of stain to make the part of the cell more visible
..Cover with a cover slip

Question 15

How to use a microscope

Answer 15

Select the lowest objective lens
.Place the slide on the microscope stage
.Adjust the coarse focus until you see a rough image
.Slowly adjust the focus until you see a sharply focused image
.Repeat with higher objective lenses

Question 16

How to calculate magnification and total magnification

Answer 16

Mag=size of image/real size of image
Total mag=eyepiece lens x objective lens magnification

Question 17

What is a chromosome ?

Answer 17

A long strand of dna found in the nucleus in eukaryotic cells

Question 18

What is a gene ?

Answer 18

A section is dna that contains instructions for making proteins

Question 19

What is a genetic variant ?

Answer 19

Different versions of genes

Question 20

What are alleles ?

Answer 20

The two copies of gene in a pair of chromosomes

Question 21

What is a genotype ?

Answer 21

it’s an organism created by the combination of alleles

B-the dominant alleles
b-represents recessive alleles

BB is called homozygous dominant
Bb is called heterozygous
bb is called homozygous recessive

Question 22

What is a phenotype ?

Answer 22

It’s the result of the organism’s genome and interaction with the
environments.

Most phenotypes are actually the
result of several ditterent genes working together.

Question 23

What can be used when phenotypes are caused by a single gene ?

Answer 23

Punnets squares

Question 24

What are gametes ?

Answer 24

Gametes have half the number of chromosomes compared to body cells.
When the sperm cell fertilises the egg, the resulting cell has the correct number of chromosomes for a body cell.

Question 25

How can sex be determined?

Answer 25

A human individual’s sex male or female) is determined by the
Inheritance of the SRY gene on the Y chromosome that triggers the development of testes

XX chromosomes = female
XY chromosomes = male