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Biology > B1 recap > Flashcards

B1 recap Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Magnification

A

How many times bigger the image of a specimen observed is in compared to the actual (real-life) size of the specimen

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2
Q

How do you calculate the total magnification

A

eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification = total magnification

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3
Q

What is the magnification of the eyepiece lens

A

10x

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4
Q

What is resolution

A

the shortest distance between two points that can still be distinguished as two separate entities.

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5
Q

What is the field of view in a microscope

A

The circular area you see in a light microscope

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6
Q

How many millimetres in a metre

A

10^3

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7
Q

How many micrometres in a metre

A

10^6

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8
Q

HOw many nanometres in a metre

A

10^9

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9
Q

How many picometres in a metre

A

10^12

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10
Q

What is the role of cytoplasm in an animal cell

A

A jelly like material that contains dissolved nutrients and salts and structures called organelles. It is where many of the chemical reactions happen.

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11
Q

What is the role of the nucleus in an animal cell

A

Contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cell’s activities

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12
Q

What is the role of cell membrane in an animal cell

A

It is permeable to some substances but not to others so it controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

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13
Q

What is the role of mitochondria in an animal cell

A

Organelles that contains the enzymes for respiration, and where most energy is released in respiration.

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14
Q

What is the role of ribosomes in an animal cell

A

Tiny structures where protein synthesis occurs.

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15
Q

What is the role of chloroplast in a plant cell

A

Organelle that contains the green pigment, chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. Contains the enzymes needed for photosynthesis.

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16
Q

what is the role of a cell wall in a plant cell

A

Plant and bacterial cell walls provide structure and protection. Only plant cell walls are made from cellulose.

17
Q

What is the role of a permanent vacuole in a plant cell

A

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell swollen.

18
Q

How do you make a slide of plant or animal tissues and examine it using a microscope

A
  1. Collect a tissue of pieces of cells.
  2. Collect a small specimen of cells
  3. Add a drop of methyl blue on the centre of the microscope slide.
  4. Place your specimen on the drop of methyl blue.
  5. Use a toothpick to slowly lower a coverslip onto the specimen.
  6. Examine your specimen under a microscope. Start with the lowest magnification and work your way up
19
Q

Where are ciliated epithelial cells found and what is their role?

A

They line the small intenstine and absorb small food molecules produced by digestion

20
Q

How are ciliated epithelial cells adapted for their function

A

They are adapted by having microvilli which increases the surface area of the cell. They increase the surface area of the cell. The more area for molecules to be absorbed, the faster absorption happens.

21
Q

What is the role of gametes

A

Gametes fuse with sperm cells to create embryos

22
Q

What are Human Gametes

A

Human Gametes are the egg cell and sperm cell

23
Q

What is a Diploid cell

A

Contains 2 copies of 23 different types of chromosomes.

24
Q

What is a haploid cell

A

Contains one copy o23 different types of chromosomes

25
Q

What is an Acrosome (located in the tip) in a sperm cell

A

An acrosome contains enzymes that break down substances in the egg cell’s jelly coat, allowing the sperm to bury inside

26
Q

What is the midpiece containing mitochondria in a sperm cell

A

A large number of mitochondria is in the midpiece and is arranged in a spiral around the top of the tail to release a lot of energy to power the tail

27
Q

what is the role of the tail in a sperm cell

A

The tail enables the sperm cell to swim

28
Q

What is the role of the haploid nucleus in a sperm and egg cell

A

It contains the genetic material for fertilisation

29
Q

What is the role of the cytoplasm in an egg cell

A

It contains nutrients for the growth of the early embryo

30
Q

What is the role of the cell membrane in an egg cell

A

It changes after fertilisation by a sperm cell so that no more sperm can enter.

31
Q

What type of cells are bacteria

A

Prokaryotic

32
Q

Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

A

Prokaryotic cells don’t have a nucleus or structures surrounded by membranes

33
Q

How is chromos

A

Biology (3 decks)

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