All Biology terms you need to know

Question 1

What is cytoplasm

Answer 1

A jelly-like material that contains dissolved nutrients and salts and structures called organelles. It is where most chemical reactions happen

Question 2

What is the nucleus

Answer 2

Contains genetic material, including DNA, which control the cell’s activities.

Question 3

What is the role of the cell membrane

Answer 3

It is permeable to some substances but not to others and so controls the movements of substances in and out of the cell

Question 4

What do mitochondria do

Answer 4

Organelles that contain the enzymes for respiration, and where most energy is released in respiration

Question 5

What do ribosomes do

Answer 5

Tiny structure where protein synthesis occurs

Question 6

Chloroplast in a plant cell

Answer 6

Organelle that contains the green pigment, chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. Contains the enzymes needed for photosynthesis

Question 7

Cell wall in a plant cell

Answer 7

Plant and bacterial cell walls provide structure and protection. Only plant cell walls are made from cellulose

Question 8

Permanent vacuole in a plant cell

Answer 8

It is filled the cell with sap to help keep the cell swollen

Question 9

Acrosome role in sperm

Answer 9

An acrosome contains enzymes that break down substances in the egg jelly’s coat which allow the sperm cell to burrow inside

Question 10

What does the mid-piece contain

Answer 10

It contains mitochondria,wrapped in a spiral, which releases a lot of energy to power the tail.

Question 11

What does the tail do

Answer 11

It enables the sperm cell to swim

Question 12

What does the haploid nucleus contain

Answer 12

It contains genetic material for fertilisation

Question 13

Role of cytoplasm in an egg cell

Answer 13

It contains the nutrients for the growth of an early embryo

Question 14

Role of haploid nucleus in egg cell

Answer 14

Contains genetic material for fertilisation

Question 15

what happens to the cell membrane in an egg cell

Answer 15

It changes after fertilisation so no more sperm cells can enter

Question 16

Role of chromosomal DNA in bacteria

Answer 16

The DNA of bacterial cell is found loose in the cytoplasm. It is not contained within a nucleus

Question 17

Role of plasmid DNA in bacteria

Answer 17

Plasmid DNA can move from one bacterium to the other giving variation

Question 18

Flagella(um) role

Answer 18

Rotate to move the bacterium

Question 19

Cell wall

Answer 19

Plant and bacterial cell walls provide structure and protection. Only plant cells are made from cellulose

Question 20

Diffusion definiton

Answer 20

Movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration until equilibrium has been reached

Question 21

Osmosis definiton

Answer 21

Net movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a dilute to a concentrated solution or an area with High water Potential to an area of low water potential

Question 22

Active transport

Answer 22

Moves molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration. This requires energy in the form of ATP. Plants use active transport to move ions into the cell from the soil.