B1- Keeping healthy Flashcards
Give three reasons to explain why a person may be malnourished
The may take in too much energy; they may have too little food; particular nutrients may be missing from their diet.
Give three factors that affect how much energy a person needs
Size of the person,sex of the person and the amount of exercise they do.
What is meant by a metabolic rate and what factors affect the rate?
Metabolic rate is a measure of how quickly the chemical reactions in cells release energy from food. Exercise/proportion of fat to muscles/ inherited factors affect the rate
What is a pathogen?
A pathogen is an organism that causes disease.
What is an antibiotic?
An antibiotic is a drug that kills bacteria
Why is it difficult to produce medicines to destroy viruses?
Viruses reproduce inside body cells. The drugs would also damage the cells or tissues.
How are the ideas of Semmelweiss used in modern hospitals?
Everyone in a hospital should wash their hands or use hand gels to prevent transfer of pathogens.
What is meant by a mutation of a pathogen?
A mutation in the gene
How is a pandemic different from an epidemic?
A pandemic occurs when disease spreads between different countries,an epidemic occurs within one country
Why don’t doctor give antibiotics for mild throat infections?
Mild throat infections can get better quickly without antibiotics. Overuse of antibiotics results in the development of antibiotic resistance bacteria
Explain how bacteria develop antibiotic resistance
Some bacteria mutate and become resistant to an antibiotics. Antibiotics kill non-resistant strains. The resistant strains multiply. Each time antibiotics are used more of the resistant strains survive until the whole population of bacteria is resistant to the antibotic
How does a person develop immunity following a vaccination?
White blood cells respond to the vaccine by producing antibodies. If the body is infected with the pathogen,the white blood cells respond quickly by producing more antibodies.
What do we mean by a balanced diet?
A balanced diet includes everything needed to keep the body healthy
