B1 Enzymes

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

Proteins that function as biological catalysts.

Question 2

Catalyst

Answer 2

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction.

Question 3

Substrate

Answer 3

Molecule that is either broken-down or bonded with the help of the enzyme.

Question 4

Products

Answer 4

The resulting molecule(s) after enzyme action.

Question 5

Enzymes and pH

Answer 5

Acid or alkaline conditions alter the chemical properties of proteins (including enzymes) resulting in changing shape of the active site and loss of function of the enzyme.

Question 6

Enzyme and temperature

Answer 6

Rising temperatures increases the rate of moste chemical reactions. Enzymes have specific optimum temperatures. Low temperatures will slow down particle movement and rate of reaction, but high temperatures may cause the enzyme to denature and change the shape of the active site (stopping the enzyme action).

Question 7

intracellular enzymes

Answer 7

Found inside the cell and speed-up reactions in the cytoplasms and nucleus.

Question 8

Extracellular enzymes

Answer 8

Made inside the cell but are released outside the cell to “work” and catalyze reactions outside the cell.
Example: releasing digestive enzymes.