b1 cell-level system b1.1 cell structure Flashcards
cells
what is a unicellular organism?
they are made up of only one cell e.g. bacteria, protists and yeast
what is a multicellular organism?
they are made of many cells e.g. humans and plants
what’s a eukaryotic cell?
contains a nucleus, relatively large in size and they are complete e.g. plant cells
what is a prokaryotic cell?
does not include a nucleus and their genetic material floats in the cytoplasm and they are simple cells e.g. bacteria cells
what is the function of a cell membrane?
controls what enters and leaves a cell
what is the function of a cell wall?
tough outer coating which provides supports
what is the function of the chloroplast?
is the site of photosynthesis
what is the function of the cytoplasm?
a jelly substance which fills up the cell
what is the function of the nucleus?
controls what the cell does
what is the function of the vacuole?
stores liquid called cell sap
what is the function of the ribosomes?
the site of protein synthesis in the cell
what is the function of the mitochondria?
creates energy
what is the function of the plasmids?
carries extra genetic information
what is the function of the flagellum?
helps move the bacteria
what’s extra information about the cell membrane?
has holes called pores to let substances through
what’s extra information about the cell wall?
it is made of strong cellulose
what’s extra information about the chloroplast?
contains chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight
what’s extra information about the cytoplasm?
where many chemical reactions take place
what’s extra information about the nucleus?
contains the genetic information-chromosomes
what’s extra information about the vacuole?
helps to support cell when it is full
what’s extra information about the ribosomes?
all cells need it to make protein
what’s extra information about the mitochondria?
creates energy
what’s extra information about the plasmids?
carry’s a small number of non-essential genes
what’s extra information about the flagellum?
assists in cell movement
what organelles are in a plant cell?
vacuole
nucleus
cell membrane
cell wall
ribosomes
chloroplast
mitochondria
cytoplasm
what organelles are in a animal cell?
cell membrane
ribosomes
mitochondria
nucleus
cytoplasm
what organelles are in a bacteria cells?
cytoplasm
flagellum
cell membrane
cell wall
plasmids
molecule of circular DNA
pili
slime capsule
what are bacteria?
smallest living organism
unicellular
size is very small-only 1micrometre=0.0011mm
when they grow they make colonies
what is pili?
tiny hairlike structure that allows the cell to attach to structures
what is a slime capsule?
it protects the cell from drying out and from poisonous substances
what does MRS GREN stand for?
movement
respiration
sensitivity
growth
reproduce
excretion
nutrition
