B1 - Cell Biology Flashcards
Function of Nucleus?
Contains genetic material and controls all activities of cell.
Function of Cytoplasm?
Chemical reactions
Function of Cell Membrane?
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
Function of Mitochondria?
Aerobic Respiration takes place
Ribosomes?
The protiens of the cell
Rigid cell wall (only plant cell) ?
Made of cellulose, It supports and strengthens the cell
Permanent Vacuole (only plant cell) ?
contains cell sap
Chloroplasts (only plant cell)?
where photosynthesis occurs
What do bacteria cells contain instead of nucleus’?
Plasmids
Formula for Magnification?
Which gives a higher resolution? A light or electron microscope?
Electron microscopes, as well as a higher maginification.
What is differentiation?
The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for it’s job.
What are adaptations of the sperm cell which makes it specialised?
Long tail and streamlined head to help it swim to the egg.
Alot of mitochondria to provide energy needed.
It carries enzymes to digest through the egg’s cell membrane.
Why do multicellular organisms use mitosis?
To grow or replace cells
What is diffusion?
The spreading out of particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.
What is Osmosis?
The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a lower water concentration.
What is Active Transport?
Movement of ions or molecules from a lower concentration to a higher concentration.
In neurones (nerve cells) what prevents electrical impules to leak out?
Myelin Sheath
In the nerve cells, what increases the distance of the impulse?
The long axon.
In the neurones (nerve cells) what transfers to electrical impulses to other parts of the body?
Dendrites.
What is the function of xylem cells?
To transport water up the stem of the plant into the leaves.
Give two adaptations of the root hair cell.
Long projections = increase surface area for absorption of water and minerals.
No chloroplasts = located underground.
What is the function of phloem?
Transport food products to parts of the plant where needed.
What organisms are eukaryotes?
Animal and plant
What organisms are prokaryotes?
Bacteria.
