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Biology AQA GCSE > B1- Cell Biology > Flashcards

B1- Cell Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What kind of cell is a plant and animal cell

A

Eukaryotic

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2
Q

What is the role of the nucleus

A

Contains genetic material

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3
Q

What is the role of the cytoplasm

A

Where most chemical reactions take place

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4
Q

What is the role of the cells membrane

A

Controls what goes in and out of the the cell

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5
Q

What is the role of mitochondria

A

Aerobic respiration

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6
Q

What is the role of ribosome

A

Protein synthesis

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7
Q

What is the role of the cell wall and what is it made out of

A

Supports and strengthens cell made of cellulose

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8
Q

What is the role of the vacuole

A

Contains cell sap

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9
Q

What’s is the role of a chloroplast

A

Where photosynthesis occurs

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10
Q

What does a bacterium contain

A

Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, plasmids

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11
Q

What is the role of plasmids

A

Small ring of DNA

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12
Q

Why don’t bacterium contain chloroplast or mitochondria

A

They are too big to fit inside

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13
Q

What are the two types of microscope

A

Electron and light

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14
Q

What is the magnification equation

A

Magnification=image size/real size

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15
Q

Evaluate the use of light microscopes against electron microscopes

A

Electron microscopes have a higher magnifications and resolution but they are more expensive and hard to transport also u have to be trained to use one unlike light microscope

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16
Q

How do u prepare a slide

A
  1. add a drop of water
  2. Add specimen stained with iodine
  3. Place a cover slip on top
17
Q

Why do u stain it

A

To highlight objects that are colourless

18
Q

What should a diagram of ur observation look like

A
  1. Takes up at least half the space
  2. Drawn with clear unbroken lines
  3. Magnification
  4. Title
  5. Labelled
19
Q

Why do cells differentiate

A

To become specialised

20
Q

What is an undifferentiated cell called

A

Stem cell

21
Q

How is a sperm specialised

A

Long tail
Streamlined head
Lot of mitochondria
Enzymes in its head to digest through eggs cell membrane

22
Q

How is a nerve cell specialised

A

Long axon
Have branched connections
Form a network throughout the body

23
Q

How is a muscle specialised

A

Long

Lots of mitochondria

24
Q

How is a root hair specialised

A

Large surface area

25
Q

What do chromosomes contain

A

Genetic information

26
Q

What are chromosome

A

Coiled up lengths of DNA

27
Q

What is mitosis

A

Cell division for growth and repair

28
Q

What r they steps of mitosis

A
  1. Duplicates it’s DNA
  2. Chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell
  3. Membranes form around each of the sets of chromosomes
  4. Cytoplasm and cell membrane divide
29
Q

What is produced from mitosis

A

Two identical daughter cells

30
Q

What’s binary fission

A

Prokaryotic cells replicating

31
Q

What r the steps of binary fission

A
  1. DNA and plasmids replicate
  2. DNA strands move to opposite ends of the cell
  3. Cytoplasm divides and new Cell walls form
  4. Two daughter cells produced
32
Q

What are the correct conditions for bacteria to divide

A

Warm

Lots of nutrients

Biology AQA GCSE (2 decks)

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