B1 b2 b3 b4 b5

Question 1

Advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 1

Genetic variation . Decreases the extinction due to variation.

Question 2

Advantages of asexual

Answer 2

One parent needed. Less energy and time.

Question 3

What happens in meiosis

Answer 3

The chromosomes in the cell doubles. The chromosomes are lined up in the middle and divided. Then they are divided again leaving each cell will 23 chriomsomes and it being genetically different

Question 4

Structure of dna

Answer 4

DNA is a double helix polymer that contains a base backbone and phosphate. It contains complimentary pairs of a to t g to c which are held together by weak hydrogen bonds.

Question 5

Mutation

Answer 5

Is a change in the dna base sequence

Question 6

What can Stem cells do

Answer 6

Differentiate into any cell

Question 7

Where are plant stem cells found

Answer 7

In the roots and the shoots of the plants where it’s growing

Question 8

What are adult stem cells used for

Answer 8

Regenerating tissue and repairing damage

Question 9

Embryonic stem cell

Answer 9

Can differentiate into any cell

Question 10

Advantages of human genome project

Answer 10

Can help cure inherited diseases and create more medicine

Question 11

What happens in a mutation

Answer 11

The dna base code changes meaning the amino acids have a different function and shape forming a new protein.cancer can cause ths

Question 12

What is selective breeding

Answer 12

When you breed 2 organisms with desirable characteristics to create offspring with those traits. This process happens and happened again

Question 13

Advantages and disadvantage of selective breeding

Answer 13

Advantages-
Offspring’s with desirable characteristics
Disadvantages
Lowers the gene pool no genetic variation meaning it’s easier to kill all the plants

Question 14

Genetic engineering

Answer 14

Is where you modify genes with a desirable characteristic

Question 15

Advantages and disadvantages

Answer 15

Advantages-
You will have desirable genes disadvantages-
Might effect our health and is expensive

Question 16

Physical and chemical defences

Answer 16

Physical
Skin- acts like a barrier
Mucus- traps pathegons
Cilla hair like structure which traps pathogens
Chemicals-
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach that kills pathogens
Lysozymes- in the salvia that break down pathogens

Question 17

What happens when a pathogen enters the body

Answer 17

The white blood cells produced antibodies. When pathegons enter the body they have something called antigens. The white blood cell will cling onto the antigens killing the pantheon. Memory cells are left in the body so the next time that same pathogen enters the body the memory cells will kill it before it can develop this Is called immunity

Question 18

BMI

Answer 18

Mass/weight^2

Question 19

Active transport

Answer 19

Movement of particles across a concerntration gradient from a high concentration to low concentration

Question 20

Benefits and problems of stem cells

Answer 20

Benefits
Replace damaged cells and damaged body parts
Problems-
Can be rejected.
Religious people believe that it’s the inference of natural orchids

Question 21

What is the optimum pH of enzymes

Answer 21

7

Question 22

Cholera

Answer 22

The disease passed throughout water.

Question 23

Tuberculosis

Answer 23

Bacteria in the air that cause coughing

Question 24

Chlara ash dieback

Answer 24

Fungi. Can cause leaf loss

Question 25

Hiv

Answer 25

Damaged to white blood cells. Passed by bodily fluids

Question 26

Cardiovascular diseasse

Answer 26

Any disease to do with the heart or blood vessels