B1

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

The movement of substances from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution against a concentration gradient, requiring energy from respiration

Question 2

Algae

Answer 2

Simple aquatic organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis

Question 3

Alveoli

Answer 3

Tiny air sacs in the lungs that increase the surface area for gaseous exchange

Question 4

Bacteria

Answer 4

Sing celled prokaryotic organisms

Question 5

Cell membrane

Answer 5

The membrane around the contemts of a cell that controls what moves in ans out of the cell

Question 6

Cellulose

Answer 6

Complex carbonhydrate that makes up plant and algal cell walls and gives them strength

Question 7

Cell wall

Answer 7

Rigid structure around the plant and algal cells. It is made of cellulose and strengthens the cell

Question 8

Chlorophyll

Answer 8

Green pigment containing chloroplasts

Question 9

Cytoplasm

Answer 9

Wate based gel in which the organelles of a living cells are suspended and most of the chemical reactions of life take place

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

Particles moving from a high concentrated area to a low concentrated are and requires no energy

Question 11

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 11

Cells feom eukaryotes that have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

Question 12

Hypertonic

Answer 12

Solution more concentrated than the cell

Question 13

Hypotonic

Answer 13

Solution that is less concentrated than cell

Question 14

Isotonic

Answer 14

Solution that is the same concentartion as the cell

Question 15

Nucleus

Answer 15

Organelle found in many living cells containing DNA and genetic information surrounded by the nuclear memebrane

Question 16

Osmosis

Answer 16

Diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 17

Partially permeable membrane

Answer 17

A membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through

Question 18

Permanent vacuole

Answer 18

Space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap

Question 19

Phloem

Answer 19

Living transport tissue in plants that carries dissolved food ans sugars around the plant

Question 20

Plasmolysis

Answer 20

State of a plant cell when so much water is lost from the cell by osmosis that the vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and the cell memebrane pulls away from the cell

Question 21

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 21

From prokaryotic organisms have a cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, and a cell wall that does not contain cellulose. The genetic material is a DNA loop that is free in the cytoplasm and nit enclosed by a nucleus.

Question 22

Resolving power

Answer 22

A measure of the ability to distinguish between two seperate points that are very close together

Question 23

Ribosomes

Answer 23

The site of protein synthesis in a cell

Question 24

Sperm

Answer 24

The male sex cells or gamets that carry genetic material from the male parent

Question 25

Stomata

Answer 25

Openings in the leaves of plants, particularly on the underside and opened and closes by guard cells, allowing gases to enter and leave the leaf

Question 26

Turgor

Answer 26

Pressure inside a plant cell exerted by the cell contents pressing on the cell wall

Question 27

Ventilated

Answer 27

Movements of air or water into and out of the gas exchange organ, for example lungs or gills

Question 28

Xylem

Answer 28

Non living transport in plants that transports water from the roots to the leaves and shoots