B1 7 Evolution Flashcards
What was Lamarck’s theory called?
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
What is evolution?
The gradual change of species over time due to natural selection.
What was Lamarck’s idea about evolution?
The ways animals behaved affected the features of their body. If something was used a lot it would grow and develop and passed onto next generation. If not it would shrink and not get passed on.
What example did Lamarck use?
Giraffes and their long necks
Did Lamarck have evidence?
No and we know it’s incorrect. If someone goes to the gym and develop muscles the children won’t inherit it.
What was Charles Darwin’s theory called?
Theory of evolution through natural selection
What was Darwin’s idea?
All organisms evolved from simpler forms. Animals will have many offsprings which may die from either a lack of food or predators the ones which survive better with better characteristics will pass characteristics to not generation
What example did Darwin use?
Birds which migrate to an island with a lot of trees will survive if they have appropriate beaks to crack open the nuts which are not enough for all the birds. These will pass the characteristics onto the next generation.
Did Darwin have evidence?
Lots. He collected different animals on trips and dos experiments on them. However it took 22 years to publish his ideas in a book called origin of species as they weren’t accepted at the time
Why did people object to Darwin’s theory?
People believed God made animals an plants on Earth
Some scientists thought there was insufficient evidence
No explanation on how variety and inheritance happened as people did not understand genes
Explain the process of evolution.
Individuals produce genetically diverse offspring due to mutations in DNA introducing variety. Offspring will need to compete for food, water and mates and avoid predators. The ones either most suited characteristic would survive and the others will die or reproduce less. The suited gene will e passed on to next generation which means that the adaptive trait will increase in population.
Explain the process of natural selection.
Natural selection makes some need more common than others. Some may be wiped out completely and the changes caused by natural selections might lead to a new species being formed. The mutations caused by natural selection may become inherited characteristics and may change overtime being known as evolution
What is classification?
Organisation of living organisms according to their similarities and differences
What is the smallest classification group called?
Species
What is the biggest classification group?
Kingdom
