Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > B1 > Flashcards

B1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nerve cell

A

Send electrical impulses around the body
Long to cover more distance, has branched connections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscle

A

To contract quickly
Long and contains lots of mitochondria (for energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sperm cell

A

To get male DNA to the female DNA
Streamlined head, long tail, lots of mitochondria (for energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Root hair cell

A

Absorb water from the soil
A large surface area to absorb more water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phloem cell

A

Transports substances around the plant
Pores to allow cell sap to flow
Cells are long and joined end to end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Xylem cell

A

Transports water through the plant
Hollow in the centre. Tubes are joined end to end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is diffusion

A

The spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Osmosis

A

The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to a low concentration through a partially permeable membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Active transport

A

Movement of substances against the concentration gradient. Requires energy from respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Equation for image size

A

Image size = actual size x magnification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Osmosis and potato practical

A

Potato in sugar solution lose water
Potato in pure water solution will gain water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are adult stem cells found

A

In the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Use for stem cells

A
  • replacing faulty blood cells
  • making insulin producing cells
  • making nerve cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the equation for magnification of the microscope

A

Magnification of eyepiece x magnification of objective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do ribosomes do

A

The site of protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do mitochondria do

A

Where aerobic respiration takes place

17
Q

What is the cytoplasm

A

Jelly-like material where many of the chemical reactions happen

18
Q

What is the nucleus

A

Contains genetic material
Controls the cell’s activities

19
Q

What is the cell membrane

A

Structure permeable to some substances but not to others. Controls movement in and out of cells

20
Q

What are chloroplasts

A

Organelles which contains the green pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

21
Q

What is the cell wall

A

Strengthens cell and supports the plant

22
Q

What is a permanent vacuole

A

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid

23
Q

What is and give example of prokaryotic cell

A

A simple cell with no nucleus- DNA is free in cytoplasm
Example: bacterial cell

24
Q

What is and give example of eukaryotic cell

A

A type of cell that has a nucleus
Plant/animal/fungi cells

25
Q

What are chromosomes

A

Carry genetic information in a molecule called DNA

Each section of a chromosome that contains the code for the production of a particular protein is called a gene

26
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have

A

46
23 pairs

27
Q

Difference between male and female chromosomes is

A

23rd pair
Female = XX
Male = YY

28
Q

When do cells divide

A

An organism grows
An organism becomes damaged and needs to produce new cells

29
Q

Where is DNA in a cell

A

In a cell’s nucleus in structures called chromosomes

30
Q

What is the cell cycle stages

A

Cell growth

DNA synthesis- the chromosomes are now double stranded

Further growth occurs and the DNA is checked for errors

Mitosis

The cytoplasm separates- two cells are formed

Temporary cell resting period or the cell stops dividing

31
Q

What are the steps for mitosis

A

The cell begins to divide

The DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome

The nuclear membrane breaks down. The chromosomes line up across the centre of the cell

One set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell and the nucleus divides

The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two identical cells

32
Q

What are daughter cells

A

When a cell divides, the new cells produced is called daughter cells

33
Q

What examples of diffusion are in biological systems

A

Leaf
- photosynthesis
Lungs
-air in + out
Liver cells
- urea

34
Q

What is the rate of diffusion effected by

A

Concentration gradient
Temperature
Surface area of cell membranes

35
Q

What is osmosis

A

The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration

Biology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions