B1

Question 1

What does eukaryotic mean

Answer 1

All animal and plants are made from complex cells called eukaryotic cells

Question 2

What does prokaryotic mean

Answer 2

Bacteria are small and simple cells

Question 3

What is the role of the nucleus

Answer 3

Controls the cells activities

Question 4

What is the role of the cytoplasm

Answer 4

Gel like substance where most chemical reactions take place

Question 5

What is the role of the mitchrochondria

Answer 5

Site of cellular respiration and contain the enzymes needed for the reactions involved

Question 6

What is the role of the cell membrane

Answer 6

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out by providing a selective barrier

Question 7

What is the role of the chloroplasts

Answer 7

Where photosynthesis occurs

Question 8

What is a polymer

Answer 8

Large complex molecules composed of long chains of monomers joined together

Question 9

What is dna

Answer 9

A polymer made up of nucleotide monomers

Question 10

What is an enzyme

Answer 10

Make reactions without being changed themselves

Question 11

What is a catalyst

Answer 11

A substance that speeds up a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction themselves

Question 12

What is the role of the active site in enzymes

Answer 12

The substance has to fit in order for the reaction to be catatlysed this means that enzymes usually only work with one substrate so they are very specific

Question 13

What is respiration

Answer 13

The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose

Question 14

What is ATP

Answer 14

Stores energy needed for many cell processes

Question 15

What is aerobic respiration

Answer 15

What happens when there is plenty of oxygen available

Question 16

What is the equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 16

Glucose+oxygen——-carbon dioxide+water

Question 17

What is a anaerobic respiration

Answer 17

The glucose is only partially broke down

Question 18

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 18

Glucose———- lactic acid

Question 19

What is photosynthesis

Answer 19

Happens inside chloroplasts they contain chlorophyll which absorbs light energy is transferred to the chloroplasts from the environment by light

Question 20

What is the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide+water——-glucose +oxygen

Question 21

What 3 things affect the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 21

Light
Concentration of co2
Temperature

Question 22

What happens when there is not enough light

Answer 22

The rate of photosynthesis is slowed down

Question 23

Why does the temperature have to be just right for photosynthesis

Answer 23

If it’s too low the enzymes needed for photosynthesis will be slower
If it’s too hot then then enzymes will become denatured and the rate of reaction decreases rapidly

Question 24

What does phloem tubes transport

Answer 24

Food

Question 25

What does xylem tubes uptake

Answer 25

Water

Question 26

What is the movement of food substances around the plant known as

Answer 26

Translocation

Question 27

What is differentiation

Answer 27

A cell changes to become more specialised for its job

Question 28

What is the importance of specialised cells

Answer 28

Allows the organism to work more efficiently

Question 29

What is a stem cell

Answer 29

Stem cells are undifferentiated depending on what instructions they are given they can divide by mitosis to become new cells then they can differentiate

Question 30

What are adult stem cells used for

Answer 30

Replacing damaged cells example to make new skin or blood cells