B. Made in the stars Flashcards
What is meant by an element?
A substance with only one type of atom.
Approximately how many elements are there?
100
Where are elements listed?
On the periodic table
Name 3 ways in which the periodic table can be split into categories
- Metal and non-metals
- Solids, liquids and gases
- Naturrally occurring and man-made
Approx how many elements are naturally occurring?
92
Numbers 1 to 92
Hydrogen to Uranium
Name the 2 liquid elements at room temperature
Bromine
Mercury
How many elements are gases at roomp temperature?
11
(Be able to name 2 of them at least)
Where are elements made?
In stars
How are elements made?
By nuclear fusion
What is meant by a “group” in the periodic table?
Elements in the same group have similar properties
What is meant by a “period” in the periodic table?
What name is given to the group 1 metals?
Why are group 1 metals known as alkali metals?
What are some properties of the alkali metals?
Soft
Reactive
Why are the alkali metals stored under oil?
To prevent contact (and reaction) with water and oxygen.
What name is given to the group 7 elements?
What name is given to the group 8 elements?
Give some uses for Helium
Give some uses for Neon
Give some uses for Argon
Give some uses for Krypton
How can we test for the presence of elements?
Chemical tests
What are the flame tests colours for group 1
What are the flame test colours for group 2?
What is the test for hydrogen?
How can we produce hydrogen gas in the lab?
By reacting alkali metals or calcium with water
What is the test for oxygen?
What are the 2 main reactions of oxygen?
What is the test for chlorine gas?
What are the main uses of chlorine?
What is “electrolysis”?
The breaking apart of a compound using electricity
What kind of power supply is needed for electrolysis?
DC
(Direct Current)
Why do we use graphite electrodes?
- Graphite conducts electricity
- Graphite is unreactive
At which electrode did the copper form when copper chloride was electrolysed?
The negative electrode
What are the 3 particles in an atom?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What are the charges on each particle in an atom?
Protons +1
Electrons -1
Neutrons 0
Which 2 particles have a mass of 1?
Protons and Neutrons
Why are atoms neutrally charged?
They have equal numbers of protons and electrons
What does the group number tell you?
The number of outer electrons
