3.3. Fertilisers Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main mineral elements are needed for plant growth?

( LO 31 )

A
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2
Q

What is a fertiliser?

A

A soluble salt containing one or more of

N (as NO3- ions)

P (as PO43- ions)

K (as K+ ions)

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3
Q

Why must N P and K be in the forms they are and not as elements?

A

Elemental forms are not soluble in water and can’t be taken up by roots

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4
Q

How is each mineral element used in plants?

A
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5
Q

How are salts made?

A

By neutralising acids with bases.

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6
Q

What is the molecular formula for ammonia?

A

NH3

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7
Q

What shape is the ammonia molecule?

( Unit 1 revision )

A

Trigonal pyramidal

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8
Q

Show how the outer electrons are shared in an ammonia molecule

( Unit 1 revision)

A
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9
Q

What are the properties of ammonia?

( LO 34 )

A
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10
Q

What is the equation for the reaction of ammonia with water?

( LO 34 )

A
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11
Q

What is the chemical test for ammonia?

A

Turns damp pH paper blue

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12
Q

What is the balanced equation for the formation of ammonia from elements?

A
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13
Q

Haber process diagram

A
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14
Q

What is the catalyst in the Haber process?

A

Iron (Fe)

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15
Q

What is the temperature and pressure in the Haber Process

A

Temp: 450ºC

Pressure: 200 atmospheres

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16
Q

What is the name of process to make Nitric Acid?

( LO 38 )

A

Ostwald Process

17
Q

What is the catalyst used in the Ostwald Process?

A

Platinum

18
Q

What is the temperature in the Ostwald Process?

A

850 ºC

19
Q

What are the 3 steps in the Ostwald Process?

A
  1. Catalytic oxidation of Ammonia to form Nitrogen Monoxide
  2. Oxidation of Nitrogen Monoxide to form NO2
  3. Reaction of NO2 with water and oxygen to form Nitric Acid
20
Q

What is eutrophication?

A

The introduction of excess nutrients to a water system

21
Q
A