B-cell immunity Flashcards
Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is required for:
A. Somatic hypermutation
B. Class switch
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AID
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SMH vs. Class switch recombination
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Tetanus toxin trick
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Role of FDC
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T cell dependent vs. independent activation
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3 methods by which antibodies mediate humoral immunity
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Class switch changes
A. Variable region
B. Constant region
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Somatic hypermutation changes
A. Variable region
B. Constant region
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Routes of immunization and adjuvant for B-cell immunity
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H-chain rearrangement during isotype switching…
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Compare V(D)J recombination with isotype switching.
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Compare and contrast primary and secondary immune responses
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B-cell tumors are monoclonal and specific
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Which of the following are activated in a T-cell independent fashion? A. B-1 cells B. Conventional B-2 cells C. Marginal zone B cells D. A and C
D. A and C
Tetanus toxin trick to make it T-cell dependent response in infants…
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What is Al(OH)3?
Aluminum hydroxide is an adjuvant that delays the release of antigen and enhances macrophage uptake.
Patients deficient for AID will have which antibodies? A. IgM only B. IgG and IgA C. IgG, IgA and IgE D. none of the above
A. IgM only
The enzyme AID is required for somatic hypermutation. Patients deficient for AID will have which antibodies? A. IgM only B. IgG and IgA C. IgG, IgA and IgE D. IgG only
A. IgM only
After somatic hypermutation, B-cells with high affinity receptors receive survival signals upon binding on what cells? A. Thymic epithelial cells B. Follicular dendritic cells C. Macrophages D. Th cells
B. Follicular dendritic cells
The switch from IgM to IgG requires all of the following EXCEPT: A. AID B. T-helper lymphocytes C. Antigen presented on B-cell's MHC II D. Antigen presented on B-cell MHC I
D. Ag presented on B-cell MHC 1 (its MHC II not 1!)
Will B-memory cells be made against a polysaccharide antigen?
No, because it is T-cell independent. There is no cross-linking of CD40/40L which is necessary to activate the Th cell to produce IL4, 5, and 6 which promote somatic hypermutation and class switch in B-cells.
Diagram the genetic events that lead to synthesis of alpha-heavy chains in IgA producing plasma cells..
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Compare/contrast antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide and tetanus toxoid.
Pneumococcal polysaccharide is T-cell independent, so predict IgM.
Tetanus toxoid is T-cell dependent so predict high affinity IgG, IgA, and IgE.
Does Ig heavy chain class switching change the V region in that cell?
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Which of the following maximize Ag immunogenicity? A. Small size B. Subcutaneous route of administration C. Soluble D. Rapid release adjuvant
B. Subcutaneous
Which of the following are true for VDJ gene rearrangement?
A. Need RSS and RAG1/2
B. Need AID
C. Occurs in germinal center, as opposed to bone marrow and thymus
D. changes light AND heavy chains
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Compared to the primary response, the secondary response A. Happens faster B. Makes more antibody C. Makes primarily IgG D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Where does isotype switch occur?
Germinal center
Which of these do NOT occur in the germinal center? A. Somatic hypermutation B. Class switch recombination C. Development of memory B-cells D. VDJ rearrangement
D. VDJ rearrangement which the B-cell undergoes in the thymus or bone marrow.
Which of the following creates a higher affinity antibody?
A. VDJ rearrangement
B. Isotype switch
C. Somatic hypermutation
C. Somatic hypermutation
Somatic hypermutation increases affinity of A. Heavy chain region B. Light chain region C. Constant region D. Both A and B
D. both A and B (the variable region is composed of heavy and light chain portions)
How do antibodies contribute to recovery from viral infections?
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