B. Airworthiness Requirements Flashcards
What documents are required for flight?
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Supplements Placards Airworthiness Certificate Registration Certificate Radio license Operators Handbook (POH) Weight and Balance External Data plate Deviation compass card
Airworthiness Certificate location
- 203
(b) cannot operate aircraft unless if airworthiness certificate or a special flight authorization is displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance that is legible to passengers or crew.
Airworthiness Certificate expiration
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21.181
Are effective as long as maintenance, preventative, and alterations are in accordance with FAR 43 and 91 and…
Aircraft are registered in the United States
Radio operators permit
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Only for flights outside the US
Extra source information… Federal Communication Commission (FCC)
Regulations: 47, Part 87: Aviation Services, Subpart B: application and licenses
Basically allows operation of your aircrafts radios outside the US
Permit lasts 10 years unless tail number changes within the term.
Can obtain permits from the FCC.
Registration Expiration
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Federal Register Archives pg. 41968 or FAA.gov
Valid for 3 years (36 calendar months)
PHAK 9-7
Temporary registration (dealers registration) is valid for 90 days
Cannot be operated outside of the US.
Operating Handbook
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91.9
No person may operate the aircraft unless there is a current approved airplane flight manual (AFM) on board.
Weight and Balance must include what?
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POH weight and balance
23.1589
Has
1. Weight and location of each item of equipment installed.
2. Loading instructions to ensure aircraft stays in CG limits
3. CG limits (centre of gravity)
4. Location of Datum
What are the sections of the POH?
- General
- Limitations
- Emergency Procedures
- Normal Procedures
- Performance
- Weight and Balance/Equipment List
- Airplane and Systems Description
- Handling, Service and Maintenance
- Supplements
What inspections are required?
AAV1ATE
ADs
Annual - 12 calendar months
VOR - 30 days for IFR flight
100 hr. (If used to carry passengers for hire, or used for flight instruction for hire)
Altimeter - 24 calendar months for IFR flight
Transponder - 24 calendar months
ELT (emergency locator transmitter) - 1 cumulative hour, 50% life is used….
Airworthiness Directives
AD’s are mandatory to be complied with for the aircraft to remain in a airworthy condition
91.417 requires AD’s to be recorded and maintained.
What is a Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin?
FAA.gov
Is an information tool that, alert, educates, and makes recommendations to the aviation community.
It is non-regulatory that does not meet criteria for an AD.
What is preventative maintenance?
Is regarded a simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts, not involving complex assembly operations.
Who can perform preventative maintenance?
The holder of a pilot certificate issued under part 61 may perform preventative maintenance on any aircraft operated or owned by that pilot which is not used under 121, 129, or 135.
Where can preventative maintenance be found in the FAR and what are some examples?
FAR 43 appendix A(c).
Landing Gear
- replace tires
- replace elastic shock absorber cords
- shock struts by adding air, oil, or both.
- wheel bearings can be cleaned and greased
Add Hydraulic fluid to hydraulic reservoir.
Etc.
What needs to be done after preventative maintenance is done by you?
And what do the entries include?
PHAK 9-10
All pilots who perform preventative maintenance must make an entry in the maintenance record.
1. Description of work
2. Date of completion performed.
3. Pilots name, signature, certificate number, and type of certificate held.
What is a Special Flight Permit?
PHAK 9-12
Is a special airworthiness certificate authorizing operation of an aircraft that does not currently meet airworthiness requirements, but is safe for a specific flight.
How can you obtain a special flight permit?
PHAK 9-12 Local FSDO(Flight Standard District Office) or Designated Airworthiness Rep
Reasons for Special Flight Permit being issued?
PHAK 9-12
- Flying the A/C to get the inspection, repair, or storage
- Delivering or exporting the aircraft
- Production flight testing
- Evacuating A/C from areas of danger
- Conducting customer demonstration flights in a new-production aircraft that has completed production flight tests
What is a datum?
Datum is a reference point from which measurements can be made.
Equipment requirements for day and night VFR flight
Flying with inoperative equipment
Think 91.213 (d)2-3
2PART RDL
91.213 (d)
Ensure equipment or instrument is not listed in the following…
2. iv. Airworthiness Directive
i. TCDS (Type Certificate Data Sheet)
iii. Airworthiness - 91.205(b)(c)
ii. POH - the kinds of operation equipment list (KOEL)
If equipment or instrument is not listed above and is safe to fly.
3. i. Removed from aircraft and control for item is placarded inoperative… this must be done in accordance with FAR 43 (done by A&P)
ii. Deactivated and placarded inoperative
i. Logged in maintenance record in accordance with 43.9
Instrument and equipment requirements for day and night vfr flight
Think ATOMATOFLAMES and FLAPS
91.205(b)
91.205(b) vfr day
Altimeter
Tachometer.
Oil pressure gauge.
Manifold pressure gauge.
Airspeed indicator.
Temperature gauge. (Liquid cooled)
Oil temperature gauge
Fuel gauge
Landing gear indicator
Anti-collision Light System
Magnetic Direction
ELT
Seatbelt/shoulder harness
What equipment and instruments are requirement for day and night VFR?
Think ATOMATOFLAMES and FLAPS
(91.205)
91.205
Altimeter Tachometer Oil pressure gauge Manifold pressure Airspeed indicator Temperature gauge Oil temperature gauge Fuel gauge Landing gear position indicator Anti-collision lights Magnetic direction indicator ELT Seatbelt/shoulder harness
Fuses/circuit breakers Landing light (if operating for hire) Anti-collision lights Position lights Source of electrical energy
What is a KOEL?
Kinds of operation equipment list (KOEL)
POH Section 2 operating limits
identifies the equipment required to be operational for airplane airworthiness in the listed kind of operations.
What is a MEL?
Minimum Equipment List
91.213(a-b) PHAK 9-9
Allows the aircraft to operate with inoperative equipment not needed for airworthiness, but must be operated and maintained according to the MEL and LOA (Letter of Authorization)
The MEL request is sent to the FAA and the FAA sends back the letter of authorization.
The MEL and LOA must be on board together to constitute for a (STC) Supplemental Type Certificate.
What is the difference between MEL and KOEL
MEL is equipment and instrument that can be inoperative. (Big Airlines $$)
KOEL is equipment and instrument needed for the VFR day/night or IFR flight.
What records or documents should be checked to determine that the owner or operator of an aircraft has complied with all required inspections and airworthiness directives?
The maintenance records (aircraft and engine logbooks). Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicating the aircraft has been approved for return to service.
Who is responsible for ensuring that an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition?
The owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in an airworthy condition.
What is a type certificate data sheet?
The FAA issues type certificates whenever a new A/C, engine, or prop is found to meet safety standards set forth by the FAA. The TCDS lists the specifications, conditions, and limitations under which airworthiness requirements were met for the specific product, such as engine make and model, fuel type, engine limits, airspeed limits, maximum weight, min. crew etc.
What is a supplemental type certificate?
FAA’s approval of a major change in the type design of a previously approved type certificated product. It authorizes an alteration to an airframe, engine, or components that has been granted and approved type certificate. STC are part of the permanent records of an aircraft.
Where can you find information on the placard and marking information required to be in the airplane?
The type certificate data sheet or the Limitations section of the POH.
What are several examples of placard and markings required in the airplane?
Placards: day-night-VFR-IFR, Flight maneuvers Permitted, Compass Calibration (deviation) card
Marking - Airspeed indicator markings, cockpit control markings, fuel, oil, and coolant filler opening
During the preflight inspection in an aircraft that doesn’t have a MEL, you notice that an instrument or equipment item is inoperative. Describe how you will determine if the aircraft is still airworthy for flight?
2 POH - KOEL/CEL AD’s Regulations (91.205) ATOMATOEFLAMES FLAPS TCDS (type certificate data sheet)
if not found:
Remove/Deactivate
Placard “inoperative”
Log in maintenance record
Right-of-way rules:
Think: BIG "R" (BGAAR) Balloons Gliders Airship Airplanes Rotor-craft
Notes:
- An aircraft in distress is always first, followed by towing or refueling aircraft.
- Aircraft at lower altitude has right-of-way on approach.
- Aircraft to the right, or in front, has right-of-way.
- If converging head-on, both aircraft divert to the right.
