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Technical Interview > Azure Cloud Services > Flashcards

Azure Cloud Services Flashcards

1
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services over the internet, including storage, processing power, databases, networking, and more, without the need for owning physical hardware.

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2
Q

What are the main service models in cloud computing?

A

The main service models are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).

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3
Q

Explain the differences between public, private, and hybrid clouds.

A

Public Cloud: Services are provided over the public internet, managed by a third-party provider (e.g., Azure, AWS).

Private Cloud: Infrastructure is used exclusively by a single organization, often on-premises or in a data center.

Hybrid Cloud: Combination of public and private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them.

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4
Q

What is the Azure Resource Manager (ARM)?

A

ARM is Microsoft’s management layer for deploying and managing resources within Azure. It provides templates for resource deployment and orchestration.

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5
Q

What is a virtual machine (VM)?

A

A virtual machine is a software-based emulation of a physical computer. It allows you to run multiple operating systems on a single physical machine.

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6
Q

What is Azure App Service?

A

Azure App Service is a PaaS offering that allows developers to build, host, and scale web applications and APIs.

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7
Q

What is Azure Blob Storage used for?

A

Azure Blob Storage is used for storing large amounts of unstructured data, such as text or binary data, like images or videos.

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8
Q

Explain what Azure Availability Zones are.

A

Azure Availability Zones are physically separate datacenters within an Azure region, providing redundancy and high availability for applications and services.

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9
Q

What is Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)?

A

Azure AD is Microsoft’s cloud-based identity and access management service. It provides authentication and authorization for Azure resources and applications.

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10
Q

What is a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?

A

A CDN is a distributed network of servers that helps deliver web content (such as images, scripts, and videos) to users from a server that is geographically closer to them.

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11
Q

How can you deploy a .NET application to Azure?

A

You can deploy a .NET application to Azure using Azure App Service, Azure Virtual Machines, Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), or Azure Functions, depending on your needs.

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12
Q

What is Azure DevOps?

A

Azure DevOps is a set of development tools that includes version control, build automation, release management, and more.

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13
Q

Explain Azure Virtual Network.

A

Azure Virtual Network is a networking service that allows you to create private, isolated network environments in the Azure cloud.

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14
Q

What is Azure Load Balancer?

A

Azure Load Balancer distributes incoming traffic across multiple virtual machines to ensure high availability and reliability.

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15
Q

How can you ensure the security of data at rest and in transit on Azure?

A

Data at rest can be secured using Azure Disk Encryption and Azure Storage Service Encryption. Data in transit can be secured using SSL/TLS protocols.

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16
Q

What is Azure SQL Database?

A

Azure SQL Database is a fully managed relational database service provided by Azure. It’s based on SQL Server and allows you to build and deploy applications using T-SQL.

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17
Q

Explain Azure App Service Deployment Slots.

A

Deployment Slots in Azure App Service allow you to stage deployment of your application before swapping it with the production slot, reducing downtime.

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18
Q

What is Azure Application Gateway?

A

Azure Application Gateway is a web traffic load balancer that provides application-level routing and load balancing services.

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19
Q

How can you monitor the performance of your applications in Azure?

A

Azure Monitor provides tools to collect, analyze, and act on telemetry data from applications running in Azure.

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20
Q

What is Azure Site Recovery?

A

Azure Site Recovery is a disaster recovery service that helps you replicate and recover workloads between different Azure regions or on-premises data centers.

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21
Q

What are serverless functions?

A

Serverless functions, such as Azure Functions or AWS Lambda, allow you to execute code without managing the underlying server infrastructure.

22
Q

What is Azure Functions?

A

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that enables you to run event-triggered code without provisioning or managing servers.

23
Q

Explain the concept of triggers and bindings in Azure Functions.

A

Triggers are events that cause your function to run. Bindings are declarative bindings to data that your function uses.

24
Q

How can you integrate Azure Functions with other Azure services?

A

Azure Functions can be integrated with services like Azure Storage, Azure Cosmos DB, and Azure Service Bus using triggers and bindings.

25
Q

What is the difference between Azure Functions and Azure Logic Apps?

A

Azure Functions are focused on code execution, while Azure Logic Apps are focused on workflow orchestration and integration between services.

26
Q

What is the consumption plan in Azure Functions?

A

The consumption plan automatically allocates compute resources as needed, scaling out based on the number of incoming events.

27
Q

Explain the Premium plan in Azure Functions.

A

The Premium plan offers enhanced performance, VNET integration, and other features suitable for more demanding workloads.

28
Q

How do you monitor and troubleshoot Azure Functions?

A

Azure Application Insights can be used to monitor and diagnose issues with Azure Functions, providing insights into performance and errors.

29
Q

What is the Azure Functions Core Tools?

A

Azure Functions Core Tools is a command-line interface that lets you develop and test functions locally before deploying them to Azure.

30
Q

How does Azure Functions pricing work?

A

Azure Functions pricing is based on the number of executions and the amount of memory used during execution.

31
Q

What is the Azure Marketplace?

A

The Azure Marketplace is an online store where you can discover, purchase, and provision various third-party applications, services, and solutions.

32
Q

Explain the concept of auto-scaling in Azure.

A

Auto-scaling automatically adjusts the number of resources allocated to your application based on demand, ensuring optimal performance and cost efficiency.

33
Q

What is Azure Resource Group, and why is it important?

A

An Azure Resource Group is a logical container for managing and organizing related Azure resources. It helps manage resources as a unit and apply consistent policies.

34
Q

What is Azure Managed Disk?

A

Azure Managed Disk is a virtual hard disk that you can attach to Azure virtual machines, providing simplified disk management and features like snapshots.

35
Q

Explain the difference between Azure Backup and Azure Site Recovery.

A

Azure Backup focuses on data protection and recovery, while Azure Site Recovery is a broader solution for disaster recovery and business continuity.

36
Q

What is Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)?

A

Azure Kubernetes Service is a managed container orchestration platform that simplifies deploying, managing, and scaling containerized applications.

37
Q

Explain the concept of a microservices architecture.

A

A microservices architecture is an approach to building applications as a collection of loosely coupled services, each focused on a specific business capability.

38
Q

What is Azure DevTest Labs?

A

Azure DevTest Labs provides developers and testers with a self-service environment to quickly create and manage test environments using reusable templates.

39
Q

How can you secure access to Azure resources?

A

Azure Active Directory, role-based access control (RBAC), and network security groups are some tools used to secure access to Azure resources.

40
Q

What is Azure Key Vault?

A

Azure Key Vault is a service that allows you to securely manage and store keys, secrets, and certificates used by cloud applications and services.

41
Q

What is the difference between Azure Functions and Azure App Service?

A

Azure Functions are event-driven, serverless compute while Azure App Service is a platform for building web apps, APIs, and mobile backends.

42
Q

Explain the concept of “cold start” in serverless functions.

A

A “cold start” occurs when a serverless function is invoked and it takes longer to execute due to the need to initialize the execution environment.

43
Q

How can you secure Azure Functions?

A

Azure Functions can be secured using keys, authentication mechanisms, and Azure Active Directory. You can also set up authorization at the function level.

44
Q

What are durable functions in Azure?

A

Durable Functions is an extension to Azure Functions that allows you to write stateful and orchestration code in a serverless environment.

45
Q

Explain Azure Logic Apps.

A

Azure Logic Apps is a cloud service that allows you to create workflows for automating and integrating processes, services, and systems.

46
Q

What are Azure Event Grid and Azure Event Hubs?

A

Azure Event Grid is a managed event routing service, while Azure Event Hubs is a big data streaming platform for real-time data ingestion.

47
Q

How does Azure Functions integrate with Azure Event Grid?

A

Azure Functions can be triggered by events published to Azure Event Grid, allowing you to respond to events with custom logic.

48
Q

What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous programming in serverless functions?

A

Synchronous programming involves executing tasks sequentially, while asynchronous programming allows tasks to be executed concurrently, improving responsiveness.

49
Q

Explain the concept of “fan-out/fan-in” pattern in serverless functions.

A

The “fan-out/fan-in” pattern involves broadcasting an event to multiple functions (fan-out), and then collecting and processing the results (fan-in).

50
Q

How can you achieve state persistence in serverless functions?

A

Durable Functions provide mechanisms for achieving state persistence by managing checkpoints and orchestrating function execution.

Technical Interview (14 decks)

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