Axis Powers/Fascist Nations Flashcards
Fascism (causes)
- Great Depression
- fear of communism
- appeal to nationalism
- lack of strong governments
Fascism (beliefs)
- Authoritarian
- state more important than the individual
- charismatic leader
- action/violence oriented
- extreme nationalism
- secret police
- supported by middle class industrialists
Mussolini
(Italy)
Italy’s fascist leader
- revive Italian economy
- give Italy a strong leader
Black Shirts
(Italy)
Mussolini’s secret police
Battle of The Births
(Italy)
“The woman’s responsibility to birth many children”
- would receive awards for having certain amounts of kids
- banned contraceptives
- Mussolini wanted all these kids born as soldiers for the army
Abyssinia/Ethiopia
(Italy)
- 1935
- nearby colonies
- revenge for losing the battle of Adwa many years ago (Italy embarrassingly lost to Ethiopia)
- League of Nations did nothing because of appeasement
Invasion of Manchuria
(Japan)
- heavily industrializing
- running out of resources (island nation)
- Manchuria had resources
Rape of Nanking
(Japan)
- Japanese capture Nanking 1937
- 6 week massacre
- fleeing Chinese soldiers wore civilian clothes so an order was released to attack everyone
Adolf Hitler
(Germany)
- born in austria
- art school failure
- WWI soldier
- initially sent to spy on the Nazi party by German military but eventually joins them
Nazi Party (beliefs)
(Germany)
- militarism
- anti-communism
- anti-semitism
- hated Weimar Republic (German gov) and TOV
- “brown shirts” private militia
Beer Hall Putsch
(Germany)
- Hitler inspired by Mussolini to storm gov building and take power
- storms political meeting in Munich
- coup fails and hitler sent to prison
Mein Kampf
(Germany)
- “My Struggle”
- book of nazi goals and beliefs + hitler’s plan of expansion and why he should be leader
- wrote in prison
Aryans
(Germany)
- “the superior race”
- blond hair + blue eyed pure blood germans
Lebensraum
(Germany)
- “living space”
- conquer territory + push out non-aryans to make living space for German aryans
“Stabbed in the Back” Theory
(Germany)
- jews and socialists blamed for WWI loss
- also blamed for Weimar Republic being forced into power
- “lets blame everything on the jewish and socialists”
