Axis

Question 1

What is electrical axis

Answer 1

The sum total of all vectors generated by action
potentials of individual ventricular myocytes.

Question 2

What can a deviated axis indicate?

Answer 2

Infarct, Hypertrophy, Conduction delay, Pregnancy, COPD, Obesity

Question 3

Isoelectric means

Answer 3

Lead that is exactly the
same distance + as it is -

Question 4

How many isoelectric leads does each EKG have?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

• in I, - in aVF

Answer 5

Extreme right axis deviation

Question 6

+ in I, - in aVF

Answer 6

Left axis deviation

Question 7

• in I, + in aVF

Answer 7

Right axis deviation

Question 8

+ in I, + in aVF

Answer 8

Normal axis

Question 9

A normal axis is from

Answer 9

-30 to 110

Question 10

What axis may be pathological or physiological?

Answer 10

Left

Question 11

A left axis deviation with a positive QRS in lead II is

Answer 11

Physiological

Question 12

A left axis deviation with a negative QRS in lead II is

Answer 12

Pathological

Question 13

The isoelectric lead will always have

Answer 13

The smallest QRS complex

Question 14

List causes of right axis deviation

Answer 14

1. Normal in adolescents and children
2. Right ventricular hypertrophy
3. Left posterior hemiblock
4. Dextrocardia –mirror image
5. Ectopic ventricular beats and rhythm
6. RBBB
7. Emphysema
8. Lt MI

Question 15

Causes of left axis deviation

Answer 15

1. Left anterior hemiblock (LAH)
2. Ectopic ventricular beats and rhythms
3. Pregnancy
4. Ascites
5. Abdominal tumors
6. Left ventricular hypertrophy
7. Rt MI

Question 16

The most frequent cause of left axis deviation is

Answer 16

Left anterior hemiblock