Axilla and breast Flashcards
Function of cervico-axillary canal
Allows nerves and blood vessels to pass between neck and upper limb
What are the boundaries of the axilla
Apex, medial wall, lateral wall
Location of apex of axilla
Between clavicle, scapula and lateral border of first rib
What does medial wall of axilla consist of
Ribs 1-4, intercostal muscles, slips serratus anterior
What does lateral wall of axilla consist of
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus, anterior axillary fold, anterior axillary fold
Muscles of anterior axillary fold
Pectoralis major, minor and subclavius
Muscles of posterior axillary fold
Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
Contents of axilla
Axillary artery and its 6 branches
Axillary vein and its tributaries
Brachial plexus
Lateral branches of intercostal nerves
Lymph nodes
Polymastia
Additional breasts
Polythelia
Additional nipples
Position of breast
Anterior thoracic wall
Overlies ribs 2-6 along midclavicular line
Overlies pectoral muscles and serratus anterior
Extends from lateral border of sternum to mid axillary line
Portion of breast extending into axillary fossa
Axillary Process/ Tail of Spence
Space that separates breast and pectoral muscles
Retromammary space
Innervation of breast
Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves 2-6 pass through deep pectoral fascia to reach the breast and carry sensory and sympathetic fibres
Function of sensory fibers
Carry sensory signals back to spinal cord and brain