Axilla Flashcards
What is the apex of the axilla?
Cervico-axillary canal
Allixa is a passageway for what?
Vessels and nerves going to and from the upper limb
What are the boundaries of the cervico-axillary canal?
1st rib, clavicle, superior edge of the scapula
What makes up the wall of the axilla?
Pectoralis major and minor and the pectoral and clavipectoral fascia
What is the inferiormost part of the posterior wall that may be grasped?
Posterior axillary Fold
What is the posterior wall of the axilla?
Scapula and Subscapularis on its anterior surface and inferiorly by the teres major and latissimus dorsi?
What is the inferiormost part of the anterior wall?
Anterior axillary fold
What does the medial wall of the axilla consists of?
Thoracic Wall and the overlying serratus anterior
What makes up the lateral wall of the axilla?
Narrow bony wall formed by the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
What artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib?
Axillary Artery
Where does the axillary artery continue?
Subclavian
Where does the axilla artery end?
Inferior border of the teres major
What does the axillary artery become?
Brachial Artery
First part of axillary nerve is between lateral border of 1st rib and medial border of pec. major and has how many branches?
1 branch – thoracic artery
Second part of axillary artery lies posterior to Pectoralis minor and has what two branches?
Thoraco-acromial Artery and lateral thoracic artery
Third part of the axillary artery extends from lateral border of pec minor to inferior border of teres major and has three branches.
Subscapular (largest, Anterior circumflex humeral artery and posterior circumflex humeral artery
What arteries originate from the internal thoracic and thyrocervical trunk?
Subclavian Artery
What artery originates from the suprascapular artery?
Thyrocervical
The superior thoracic, thoraco-acromial, lateral thoracic, circumflex (anterior and posterior) originate on what artery?
Axillary artery
Circumflex scapular artery originates from what artery?
Subscapular Artery
Thoracodorsal Artery originates from what artery?
Subscapular Artery
Profunda brachii artery, superior ulnar collateral, and inferior ulnar collateral artery originate from what atery?
Brachial Artery
During profuse bleeding, what part of the axillary artery vein should be compressed?
Third part
What are the five principal groups of axillary lymph nodes?
SCHAP – Subscapular, Central, Humeral, Apical, Pectoral
How many nodes are there in the pectoral (anterior nodes)?
3-5 nodes Medial wall of axilla
Pectoral nodes receive lymph mainly from what?
Anterior thoracic wall, including most of the breast
How many nodes does the subscaspular (posterior) nodes consists of?
Six or seven posterior axillary
Where does the subscapular (posterior) nodes receive lymph from?
Posterior aspect of the thoracic wall and scapular region
The humeral (lateral) nodes consists of how many nodes?
4-6along lateral wall of axilla
Humeral nodes receive lymph from where?
Upper limb
Where does the cephalic vein drain into?
Apical axillary and infraclavicular nodes
How many nodes consists of the central nodes?
3-4 deep to the pectoralis minor near base of axilla
Apical nodes are located where?
Apex along medial side of axillary vein
Apical nodes receive lymph from where
All other groups of axillary nodes and lymphatics accompanying the proximal cephalic vein
Efferent vessels from the apical nodes traverse the cervico-axillary canal and unite to form what?
Sub-clavian lymphatic trunk
The subclavian lymphatic trunk may be joined by jugular and bronchomediastinal trunks to form what?
R lymphatic duct or may enter the right venous angle
Where does lymph drain on the left side?
Thoracic duct
