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UPPER LIMB & BACK > AXILLA > Flashcards

AXILLA Flashcards

1
Q

LIST THE PARTS OF AXILLA WALL

A

-ACROMION PROCESS
-CORACOID PROCESS OF SCAPULA
-CLAVICLE
-CLEVIPECTORAL TRIANGLLE

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2
Q

NAME THE BORDERS OF THE AXILLARY INLET

A

ANTERIOR: Posterior surface of clavicle

POSTERIOR: Superior border of scapula

MEDIAL: Lateral surface of RIB 1

APEX: Coracoid process of scapula

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3
Q

What are the contents if the Axillary inlet?

A

-Subclavian artery = Axillary artery
-Axillary vein = Subclavian vein
-Brachial Plexus

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4
Q

What makes up the ANTERIOR WALL of axilla?

A
  1. Pectoralis Major + Minor
  2. Subclavius muscle
  3. Clevipectoral fascia
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5
Q

What makes up the POSTERIOR WALL of the axilla?

A

1.Latissimus Dorsi muscle
2.Teres Major muscle
3.Long Head of Triceps brachii
4.Subscapularis m
5.Costal surface of scapula

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6
Q

What makes up the Medial Wall of axilla?

A
  1. Thoracic
  2. Serratus Anterior muscle
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7
Q

What makes up the Lateral wall of axilla?

A

Intertubercular Sulcus of Humerus

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8
Q

What Innervates Pectoralis Major m?

A

Medial & Lateral Pectoral nerves

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9
Q

What innervates the Pec. minor muscle?

A

Medial Pectoral nerve

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10
Q

What innervates Subclavius muscle?

A

Nerve to subclavius ( sup. branch of brachial plexus)

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11
Q

Which muscles are enclosed by Clevipectoral Fascia?

A

-PECTORALIS MINOR
-SUBCLAVIUS MUSCLE

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12
Q

Where does subclavius muscle insert?

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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13
Q

The sternoclavicular joint is stabilized by which muscle?

A

Subclavius muscle

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14
Q

Name the structure that pass through the Clevipectoral Fascia

A

1.Cephalic vein
2.Thoraco-acromial artery
3.Medial & Lateral Pectoral nerves
4. Lateral Thoracic Artery

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15
Q

What innervates Serratus Anterior Muscle?

A

Long Thoracic nerve

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16
Q

What is the ORIGIN of Axillary artery?

A

Subclavian artery

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17
Q

List the ARTERIES that make up the axillary artery with their parts, respectively.

A

1st:- Superior Thoracic artery

2nd:-Thoraco-acromial artery
-Lateral Thoracic artery

3rd:-Subscapular artery
-Anterior circumflex
humeral artery
-Posterior circumflex
humeral artery

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18
Q

Where does the 1st part of the axillary artery start?

A

From Lateral margin of RIB 1

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19
Q

State the Axillary artery part that is located Posterior to the Pectoralis Minor muscle

A

2nd Part
-Thoraco-acromial trunk
-Lateral thoracic a.

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20
Q

Describe the course of the 3rd part of the axillary artery

A

Up to INFERIOR border of Teres Major

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21
Q

The Superior Thoracic artery supplies:

A

-Medial & Anterior axilla walls

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22
Q

Name the branches of the Thoraco-acromial trunk

A

1.Pectoral
2.Clavicular
3.Acromial
4.Deltoid

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23
Q

The Thoraco-acromial trunk supplies…

A

Anterior axilla wall

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24
Q

What is the origin of Thoraco-acromial artery?

A

Just Posterior to Medial Margin of Pectoralis Minor

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25
Q

What is the origin of Long Thoracic Artery?

A

Just posterior to Lateral Margin of Pectoralis Minor

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26
Q

The Breasts (female), Medial & Anterior axilla walls are supplied by…

A

Lateral Thoracic Artery

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27
Q

Subscapular Artery terminates to form which arteries?

A

1.Circumflex Scapular artery
2.Thoracodorsal Artery

28
Q

The Posterior axilla wall & Posterior Scapula region is supplied by…

A

Subscapular artery

29
Q

Compare & Contrast regarding the arteries that anastomose with either the ANTERIOR- or POSTERIOR circumflex humeral artery

A

Ant. circumflex humeral a. :
-Posterior Circumflex Humeral artery

Post. circumflex humeral a. :
1.Suprascapular artery
2.Thoraco-acromial arteries
3.Profunda brachii

30
Q

Name the artery that passes Anterior to Surgical neck of Humerus

A

Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

31
Q

Name the artery that passes posterior to surgical neck of humerus

A

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

32
Q

Anterior Circumflex humeral artery supplies…

A

1.Glenohumeral joint
2.Head of humerus

33
Q

What is the origin of the Axillary Vein?

A

BASILIC VEIN

34
Q

The Axillary vein is located…

A

Just Anterior & Medial to Axillary artery

35
Q

The tributaries of the axillary vein are:

A

1.Brachial veins
2.Cephalic vein
3.Veins that follow Axillary arteries

36
Q

The Axillary vein becomes…
(where)

A

SUBCLAVIAN VEIN (lateral border of RIB 1)

37
Q

BRACHIAL PLEXUS IS MADE UP OF WHICH RAMI

A

C5-C8 (Anterior rami)
T1 (Spinal nerves)

38
Q

The brachial plexus enters the neck…

A

Between Anterior & Middle scalene muscles

39
Q

Describe the location of Brachial Plexus

A

Superior& Posterior to SUBCLAVIAN artery

40
Q

What are the NERVE branches of C5?

A

-Phrenic Nerve
-Dorsal scapular nerve (supplying Rhomboid Minor & Major)

41
Q

Which root(s) does the Long Thoracic nerve branch from?

A

C5-C7
-Long thoracic nerve supplies the Serratus Anterior muscle

42
Q

Where does the Trunk enter the Axilla?

A

After Passing over RIB 1

43
Q

What are the branches of the Superior Trunk of the Brachial Plexus?

A

1.Suprascapular nerve (supplies Infraspinatus & Supraspinatus muscle)

2.Nerve to Subclavius (Subclavius muscle)

44
Q

C5 and C6 unite to form which trunk?

A

SUPERIOR Trunk

45
Q

Middle Trunk is formed by…

A

C7 Rami

46
Q

Inferior trunk is formed by…

A

C8 & T1

47
Q

The TRUNKS give rise to…

A

1) 3 Anterior Divisions:
-supply the Anterior compartment of the Arm & Forearm

2) 3 Posterior Divisions:
Supply the Posterior Compartment of Arm & Scapula

48
Q

The Lateral cord if given off by…

A

-Anterior divisions of Superior & Middle Trunks
-C5-C7 ROOTS

49
Q

LIST the branches of the Lateral cord

A
  1. Lateral Pectoral nerve (Pierces Clavipectoral fascia & passes anterior with thoraco-acromial artery)
  2. Lateral root of Median nerve
  3. Musculocutaneous Nerve (Terminal branch)
50
Q

Describe the COURSE of the MUSCULOCUTANEOUS nerve

A

> Pierces Coracobrachialis muscle
Runs between Biceps Brachii & Brachialis muscles
Exits on Lateral aspect of CUBITAL FOSSA
-becomes Lateral cutaneous nerve

51
Q

Which structures are innervated by Musculocutaneous nerve?

A
  1. Anterior compartment muscles of Upper arm (MOTOR)

2.Skin area on Lateral aspect of Forearm (SENSORY, Only after termination)

52
Q

NAME THE BRANCHES OF MEDIAL CORD

A
  1. Medial Pectoral nerve (passes between axillary artery & vein)
  2. Medial cutaneous nerve of arm
  3. Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
  4. Ulnar nerve
  5. Medial root of Median nerve
53
Q

Medial cord is given off by

A

Anterior division of Inferior trunk
- C8-T1 ROOTS

54
Q

Posterior Cord is given off by…

A

Posterior division from C5-T1

55
Q

What are the branches of the Posterior cord?

A

1.Subscapular nerve
2.Thoracodorsal nerve
3.Axillary nerve
4.Radial nerve

56
Q

Describe the Course of MEDIAN nerve

A

Passes Anterior to Brachial Artery

57
Q

Describe the COURSE of AXILLARY nerve

A

Runs Inferolateral and exits through:-Quadrangular space
-Posterior Surgical neck of humerus

58
Q

Describe the COURSE of Radial nerve

A

-Runs DEEP to Axillary artery
-Passes through the Triangular Interval (with Profunda brachii) within Radial groove on Posterior Humeral shaft between Triceps brachii heads.
-Exits lateral at elbow joint between Biceps brachii & brachialis muscles
-Runs lateral in forearm and reaches hand

59
Q

List SUPERFICIAL VENOUS DRAINAGE VEINS

A

1.Median Cubital Vein
2.Basilic Vein
3.Cephalic Vein
4.Brachial vein
5.Dorsal Venous network

60
Q

The H pattern of the MEDIAN CUBITAL vein shows the connection between…

A

Cephalic vein & Basilic vein

61
Q

The M Pattern connects…

A

Cephalic vein
Basilic vein
Median Antebrachial vein

62
Q

Cephalic vein drains into…

A

Axillary vein

63
Q

NAME the vein that drains into Basilic vein

A

Brachial vein

64
Q

The Brachial vein arises from…

A

Radial vein & Ulnar vein

65
Q

The Roof of the Cubital Fossa is formed by…

A

Median Cubital Vein

66
Q

Compare & Contrast between the Fascial areas pierced by Cephalic vein & Basilic vein

A

CEPHALIC v. :Deep fascia between Deltoid muscle & Pectoralis Major muscle

BASILIC v. :Deep fascia in Middle arm

67
Q

Brachial vein ascends between…

A

Biceps brachii & Brachialis muscle

UPPER LIMB & BACK (2 decks)

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