Axial Skeleton

Question 1

1. Name the cranial bones of the skull.

Answer 1

1.Frontal Occipital Parietal Temporal Sphenoid Ethmoid

Question 2

2. Name the facial bones of the skull.

Answer 2

2.Vomer Mandible Maxilla Inferior nasal concha Lacrimal Zygomatic Palatine Nasal

Question 3

3. Identify the principal structures of the cranial and facial bones (i.e. know about structures observed in lab).

Answer 3

3. Know about structures observed in lab.

Question 4

4. Define fontanel and explain its purpose.

Answer 4

4.Soft spot between skull bones in baby’s head. It allows squishing of skull during childbirth and for growth of brain.

Question 5

5. Name the 4 main cranial sutures and describe their location.

Answer 5

5. Coronal suture between frontal and parietal bones; Sagittal suture between 2 parietal bones; Lambdoidal suture between occipital and parietal; Squamosal suture between temporal and parietal bones.

Question 6

6. Name the bones that comprise the zygomatic arch.

Answer 6

6. Zygomatic and Temporal

Question 7

7. Name the bones that contribute to the orbit (eye socket).

Answer 7

7. Ethmoid Sphenoid Maxilla Palatine Lacrimal Zygomatic Frontal

Question 8

8. Name the structure that is housed in the sella turcica.

Answer 8

8. Pituitary gland

Question 9

9. Name the bones comprising the nasal septum.

Answer 9

9. Vomer and perpendicular plate of Ethmoid

Question 10

10. Name the bones that comprise the hard palate.

Answer 10

10. Palatine process of Maxilla and Palatine bones

Question 11

11. Name the bones that contain alveoli (alveolar processes) for teeth.

Answer 11

11. Maxilla and Mandible

Question 12

12. Name the bone that anchors the tongue muscles and describe what makes this bone unique.

Answer 12

12. Hyoid. It has no articulations

Question 13

13. Name the regions of the vertebral column and the number of vertebrae in each region.

Answer 13

13. Cervical – 7 Thoracic – 12 Lumbar – 5 Sacral - 5 fused making the sacrum Coccyx - 3-5 fused

Question 14

14. Name the structure between adjacent vertebral bodies. What is it composed of?

Answer 14

14. Intervertebral disc made of fibrocartilage. Inter- means between.

Question 15

15. Name the first and second cervical vertebrae.

Answer 15

15. C1 is the atlas; C2 is the axis.

Question 16

16. Name the peg-like process of C-2.

Answer 16

16. Odontoid process = Dens

Question 17

17. Describe the features of a typical vertebra.

Answer 17

17. Vertebral foramen housing spinal cord. The vertebral arch comprised of the pedicles laterally and the lamina dorsally. Extending from the vertebra are the spinous process dorsally and transverse process laterally. The ventral part of the vertebra is the body. The facets or articular process articulate with the vertebra above/below it.

Question 18

18. Name the 3 main portions of the sternum.

Answer 18

18. Manubrium body xiphoid process

Question 19

19. Describe the difference between true floating and false ribs. How many ribs are in each category.

Answer 19

19. True rib has its own costal cartilage going to the sternum. 7 pair False rib does not have its own costal cartilage going to the sternum 5 pair Floating rib (which by definition is also false rib) has NO costal cartilage - 2 pair - 11 and 12.