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YBOD200 > axial skeleton > Flashcards

axial skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

components of the axial skeleton

A

Skull
Hyoid Bone
Vertebral column
Ribs
Sternum

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2
Q

how many bones is the skull comprised of

A

Comprised of 8 cranial bones (Neurocranium) and 14 facial bones (Viscerocranium)

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3
Q

what encloses the brain

A

neurocranium bones

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4
Q

what encloses the digestive and respiratory oragans

A

viscerocranium bones

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5
Q

3 sutures of the skull

A

Articulation of parietal, frontal and occipital bones

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6
Q

coronal suture

A

Lies anteriorly
Between frontal and parietal

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7
Q

lambdoid suture

A

Lies posteriorly
Inverted V appearance
Articulates occipital and parietal

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8
Q

sagittal suture

A

Lies in midline
Articulates parietal bones
Connects coronal and lambdoid

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9
Q

frontal bone

A

arched surface

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10
Q

supraorbital ridges

A

Glabella lies between left and right ridges
Air sinuses lie posteriorly

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11
Q

orbital plate

A

Runs horizontally backwards
Forms floor of the anterior cranial fossa
Forms roof of orbits

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12
Q

parietal bone

A

Forms roof and lateral wall of cranium

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13
Q

parietal bone articulates to what

A

Frontal bone anteriorly (via Coronal suture)
Inferiorly
Sphenoid bone (via Sphenoparietal suture)
Temporal bone (via Squamous suture)
Occipital bone posteriorly (via Lambdoid suture)

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14
Q

temporal bone is divided into 4 parts

A

-Squamous part
Made of Zygomatic arch and Mandibular fossa
-Tympanic division
Borders the External acoustic meatus
Consists of Styloid process protruding inferiorly
- Mastoid part
Posterior to tympanic part
Formed by Mastoid process behind the ear
-Petrous part
Lies within the Cranial fossa
Houses middle and inner ear

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15
Q

occipital bone

A

Forms the base of the skull
-Articulates with Temporal bone laterally
-Articulates with Sphenoid bone anteriorly

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16
Q

where occipital condyles articulate

A

c1 vertebra

17
Q

sphenoid bone

A

Has a complex shape
Made up of a Greater and Lesser wing
Sella turcica

18
Q

mandible body

A

Lies horizontally and houses teeth

19
Q

mandible ramus

A

Runs obliquely from the body
Coronoid process lies anteriorly
Condylar process lies posteriorly

20
Q

mandible mental protuberance ( chin)

A

Mental spines lie posteriorly

21
Q

hyoid bone

A

Made up of greater horn,lesser horn and a body component

22
Q

functions of the vertebrae

A

Supports the trunk
Protects spinal cord
Carries skull

23
Q

components of the vertebrae column

A

33 vertebrae in total (24 mobile)
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
4 Coccygeal

24
Q

typical cervical vertebrae

A

-Small oval vertebral body
-Lateral lips on superior border
-Large vertebral foramen
*Enlarge spinal cord
-Spinous process
*Projects horizontally
*Bifid tip

25
Q

transverse foramina of typical cervical vertebrae

A
  • On transverse process
    • Vertebral artery passage
26
Q

articular facet of typical cervical vertebrae

A
  • Upper and lower
    • Lower face down and forward
      • Allow head movements
27
Q

atypical cervical vertebrae

A

First cervical vertebrae (C1)
Circular bone
-Anterior and posterior arch division
*Post. arch bones articulate to skull laterally
*Allows nodding
-Inferolateral facet for axis articulation
-No body
-Anterior arch has anterior tubercle
*Inner facet articulates to dens
-Posterior arch
*Posterior tubercle instead of spinous process
*Vertebral foramen on transverse process

28
Q

atypical cervical vertebrae c2

A

-Second cervical vertebrae (C2)
-Dens
Projects upwards from the body
Represents body of the atlas
Anterior facet articulates with atlas
-Small transverse process
Vertebral foramen
-Superior articular facet
Near the body
-Inferior articular facet
More posteriorly
-Large vertebral foramen
-Bifid spinous process

29
Q

C6

A

Large carotid tubercle on transverse process

30
Q

C7

A

Vertebra prominens
Long spinous process
Palpable

31
Q

TYPICAL thoracic vertebrae

A

-Long spinous process facing inferiorly
Tip is related to inferior vertebral body
-
On the heart shaped vertebral body
Superior and inferior articular facets
Rib articulation
Transverse processes articular facets
Rib articulation

YBOD200 (5 decks)

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