Axial skeletal system Flashcards
What structure is this?
Frontal Bone
Name the bone.
Parietal Bones
Name the bone.
Occipital bone
Name the bone.
Temporal bone
Name the bone.
Ethmoid bone
What suture is this?
lambdoid suture
What suture is this?
Coronal suture. Separates frontal from parietal bones.
What suture is this?
Sagittal suture. Separates the parietal bones.
What suture is this?
Squamous suture. Separates parietal and temporal bones.
What is this bone structure?
Squamous part of frontal bone
What is this structure circled?
Supraorbital margin of frontal bone
What structure is this circled?
Supraorbital foramen on frontal bone.
What structure is this?
The glabella of the frontal bone.
What structure is this?
Foramen magnum of occipital bone
What structure is this?
Foramen magnum of occipital bone
What structure is this?
Occipital condyles
What structure is this?
Hypoglossal canal
What suture is this?
Occipitomastoid suture
What structure is this?
External occipital protuberance
What structure is this?
superior nucal line
What structure is this?
cribriform foramina
What structure is this?
Crista galli
What structure is this?
crista galli
What structure is this?
Perpendicular plate
What structure is this?
Perpendicular plate
What structure is this in pink?
Lateral masses of ethmoid bone
What is the structure circled in pink?
Middle nasal concha
What structure is this?
Squamous part of temporal bone
What structure is this?
Zygomatic process of temporal bone
What structure is this in pink?
Mandibular fossa
What structure is this?
external acoustic meatus
What structure is this in pink?
Styloid process of temporal bone
What structure is this in green?
Mastoid process
What structure is this circled?
Jugular foramen
What structure is this?
Jugular foramen
What structure is this?
Carotid canal
What structure is this?
carotid canal
What structure is this?
Internal acoustic meatus
What structure is this?
Foramen lacerum
What structure is this?
Foramen lacerum
What structure is this?
Stylomastoid foramen
What structure is this?
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
What structure is this?
lesser wing of sphenoid bone
What structure is this?
pterygoid process
What structure is this in green?
hypophyseal fossa
What structure is this?
optic canal
What structure is this circled?
Foramen ovale
What structure is this circled?
foramen ovale
What structure is this?
foramen rotundum
What structure is this circled?
Foramen rotundum
What structure is this circled?
foramen spinosum
What structure is this circled?
Foramen spinosum
Name the structure in green.
Mandible
Name the structure in green
The maxillary bones
Name structure in green.
Lacrimal bones
Name structure in green
Zygomatic bones
Name structure in green
Nasal bones
Name structure in green.
Palatine bones
Name the structure in green.
Inferior nasal conchae
Name the structure in green.
Vomer
Name structure in green
Vomer
Name the structure in pink
Body of mandible
Name the structure in pink
Ramus of the mandible
Name the structure in pink
Ramus of the mandible
Name the structure in pink
condylar process of mandible
Name structure in pink
mandibular notch
Name the structure in pink
coronoid process of mandible
Name structure in pink
Alveolar process of mandible
Name structure circled
mental foramen
Name structure circled in pink
Mandibular foramen
Name Structure in pink
Mandibular angle
Name structure circled
Mandibular angle
Name the structure circled
anterior nasal spine
Name structure in pink
palatine process
Name the structure in pink.
Zygomatic process
Name the structure circled in pink
inferior orbital fissure
Name the structured circled in pink
infraorbital foramen
Name the structure in pink
alveolar process
Name the structure in pink
Frontal process
Name the structure in green
Hyoid bone.
- only bone in body that does not articulate directly with other bone
- found in the neck inferior to the mandible
What bones construct the roof of the orbits?
Sphenoid bone and frontal bone
what bones construct the lateral walls of the orbits?
frontal, sphenoid and zygomatic bones
what bones construct the medial wall of the orbit?
sphenoid, ethmoid, maxilla and lacrimal bones
what bones construct the floor of the orbits?
palatine, maxillary, and zygomatic bones
What is the nasal cavity constructed from?
Constructed of bone and hyaline cartilage
What constructs the roof of the nasal cavity?
ethmoid bone
what bones construct the lateral walls of the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid bone, palatine bones, and inferior nasal conchae
what constructs the floor of the nasal cavity?
maxillae and palatine bones
How many bones is the vertebral column made out of?
26 irregular vertebrae
What does the primary curvature consist of? Which way do they curve?
The thoracic and sacral curvatures concave anteriorly.
What color represents the primary curvatures?
Pink
What does the secondary curvatures consist of? Which way do they curve?
The lumbar and cervical curvatures CONVEX anteriorly
What color represents the secondary curvatures?
Blue
What are the four major regions of the vertebrae?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, the sacrum and coccyx
how many vertebrae are in the cervical region?
seven
How many vertebrae in the thoracic region?
twelve
How many vertebrae in the lumbar region?
five
How many vertebrae in the sacrum and coccyx region?
Sacrum has 5 fused vertebrae, coccyx has 4 fused vertebrae
Name spinal region in green.
Cervical
Name the spinal region is green.
Thoracic
Name spinal region in green.
lumbar
Name spinal region in green.
Sacrum and coccyx
What are the characteristics of the Cervical vertebrae?
The smallest and lightest vertebrae; designed for mobility
What vertebrae is this?
C1 or Atlas
What special feature does the Atlas have?
It has the lateral masses
What is this structure in pink?
The lateral masses of the Atlas
What is the name of this vertebrae?
C2 or Axis
What special feature does the Axis have?
Has a projection called the Dens
What structure is in pink?
The dens of the axis
What vertebrae is this?
The C7 vertebrae
What makes the C7 vertebrae different?
The C7 has the longest spinous process.
What is another name for the C7 vertebrae?
The vertebra prominens
What structure is this in pink?
The vertebral body of a cervical vertebrae
What structure is this in pink?
The pedicle of a cervical vertebrae
What structure is this in pink?
The lamina of a cervical vertebrae
What is this structure circled in pink?
The vertebral foramen in a cervical vertebrae
What is this structure in green?
The inferior notch of a cervical vertebrae
what is the structure in green?
The superior articular process of a cervical vertebrae
what is the structure in green?
The inferior articular process of a cervical vertebrae
What is the structure in pink?
Spinous process of a cervical vertebra
what is the structure in pink?
Transverse process of a cervical vertebra
what are the characteristics of the thoracic vertebrae?
-medium in size
-designed for a combination of stability and mobility
- has costal facets for rib attachment
What is the structure in green?
Superior costal facet of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in green?
Inferior costal facet of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
vertebral body of thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Pedicle of thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Lamina of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in circled in pink?
Vertebral foramen of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in green?
Inferior notch of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in green?
superior articular process of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in green?
inferior articular process of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Spinous process of a thoracic vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Transverse process of a thoracic vertebra
What are some characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae?
-larger in body
- shorter projections than other vertebrae
-designed for stability
What is the structure in pink?
Body of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Pedicle of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
lamina of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure circled in pink?
Vertebral foramen of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in green?
Inferior notch of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in green?
Superior articular process of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in green?
Inferior articular process of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Spinous process of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in pink?
Transverse process of lumbar vertebra
What is the structure in green?
Transverse ridges of the sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Median sacral crest of the sacrum
What is the structure circled?
Anterior sacral foramina of the sacrum
What is the structure circled?
Posterior sacral foramina of the sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Auricular surface of the sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Lateral Sacral Crest of the sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Sacral promontory of the sacrum
What is the structure circled?
Sacral Canal
What is the structure circled?
Sacral hiatus
What is the structure in pink?
Apex of the Sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Superior Articular process of the sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Ala of the Sacrum
What is the structure in green?
Coccyx (tailbone)
What is the abnormal spinal curvature called?
Kyphosis
What is kyphosis?
A hunch back cause the spine to have an exaggerated anterior bend
What is the abnormal spinal curvature called?
Lordosis
What is lordosis?
A sway back causing the spine to have an exaggerated posterior bend.
What is the abnormal spinal curvature called?
scoliosis
What is scoliosis?
An abnormal lateral twisting of the spine.
What is the thoracic cage composed of?
The sternum and ribs
What is the structure in pink?
Manubrium
What is the structure in pink?
Clavicular notches
What is the structure in green?
Jugular notch
What is the structure in pink?
Body of sternum
What is the structure in green?
Sternal angle
What is the structure in pink?
xiphoid process
What is the structure in pink?
Shaft of the rib
What is the structure in green?
Angle of the rib
What is the structure circled in pink?
Tubercle of the rib
What is the structure in pink?
Neck of the rib
What is the structure in pink?
Head of the rib
What is the structure in green?
Costal groove of the rib
How many pairs of ribs are there?
Twelve pairs of ribs
Rib facts
- first pair of ribs lies deep to the clavicles and cannot be felt through the skin
- ribs increase in size toward the middle ribs with maximum size number seven
- the first seven rib pairs attach directly to the sternum via individual costal cartilages and are considered true ribs
- ribs 8-10 use the costal cartilage of rib seven and together with ribs 11-12, are considered false ribs
-ribs 11- 12 do not attach to the sternum and by themselves are considered floating ribs
