AXIAL Flashcards
skull bones, with a few exceptions, are connected by immovable joints called
sutures
what suture are found between the occipital and parietal bones
lambdoid suture
suture that are between the parietal bone
sagittal suture
suture that are between the frontal and parietal bones
coronal suture
between the parietal and temporal bones
squamous suture
between the frontal and nasal bones
frontonasal suture
bones that contribute to the superior and lateral surface of the cranium
parietal bones
part of the frontal bone that underlies the forehead
frontal part
suture between the frontal bones that usually disappears by age 8
frontal metopic suture
edge of the frontal part that forms the superior border of the orbits
supraorbital margin
opening or notch in the middle of the supraorbital margin
supraorbital foramen or notch
thickened ridges over the supraorbital margins that supports the eyebrows
superciliary arches
part that forms the roof of the orbit
orbital part
depression on the inferior surface of the orbital part that accommodates the lacrimal gland
lacrimal fossa
bones that contribute to the lateral and inferior walls of the cranium
temporal bones
temporal bone are divided into three parts
squamous part
zygomatic process
mandibular fossa
forms the cheekbone
zygomatic process
elevation anterior to the mandibular fossa
articular tubercle
this part is the region that surrounds the external acoustic meatus or external auditory canal. this passage way ends as a tympanic membrane
tympanic part
largest most massive part of the temporal bone that houses the senses of hearing and balance.
petrous part
bulge posterior and inferior to the external acoustic meatues. contains mastoid sinuses
mastoid process
sharp access near the mastoid process to which ligaments and tendons attach
styloid process
opening between the base of the styloid and mastoid processes through which the facial nerve passes
stylomastoid foramen
depression on the temporal bone that together with the jugular notch of the occiptal bone forms the jugular foramen
jugular fossa
passageway by which the internal carotid artery penetrates the skull and reaches the brain
carotinal canal
jagged opening between the temporal and occipital bones. this is not an opening in the living skull as it is closed by hyaline cartilage
foramen lacerum
canal on the medial side of the petrous part though which nerves and vessels supplying the inner ear and the facial nerve pass
internal acoustic meatus
complex bone articulate with every other cranial bone. hidden by more superficial bones
sphenoid
prominent feature of the sphenoid body
sella turcica
sella turcica other name
turkish saddle
forms a bony enclosure around the pituitary gland
sella turcica
depression in which the pituitary gland rests
hypophyseal fossa
other name of hypophyseal fossa
seat of saddle
anterior border of the sella turcica
tuberculum sellae
other name of tuberculum sellae
horn of saddle
groove directly anterior to the tuberculum sellae
optic groove
openings at either end of the topic groove through which the optic nerves pass
optic canals
posterior border of the sella turcica
back of saddle
other name of back of saddle
dorsum sellae
large wing like processes that extend laterally from the body. the greater wings act as a brace that strengthens the sides of the skull
greater wings
irregular slit like opening between the lesser and greater wings.
superior orbital fissures
the greater wings near their attachment to the body have the following openings
foramen rotundum
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
a round opening
foramen rotundum
an oval opening
foramen ovale
opening where the greater wings from a sharp proceds called the sphenoidal spine
foramen spinosum
these processes form plates that permit thr muscle attachment. pterygoid canals are present at the base of these processes
pterygoid processws
irregular bone forms part of the orbital complex, floor of the cranium, roof of the nasal cavity, part of the nasal septum
ethmoid bone
features of ethmoid bone
cribriform plate
crista galli
lateral masses
superior nasal conchae and middle nasal conchae
ethmoidal labyrinth
perpendicular plate
superior surface of the ethmoid perforated by olfactory foramina through which the olfactory nerves pass
cribriform plate
prominent ridge in the middle of the cribriform plate and an attachment point for the falx cerebri
crista galli
entire bony masses attached on either side of the cribriform plate
lateral masses
lateral masses include
superior nasal conchae and middle nasal conchae
ethmoidal labyrint
perpendicular plate
scroll like medial projections into the nasal cavity
superior nasal conchae and middle nasal conchae
cells in the interior of the lateral masses that open into the nasal cavity
ethmoidal labyrinth
bony partition underneath the cribriform plate that forms part of the nasal septum
perpendicular plate
the levels of cranial fossae
anterior cranial fossa
middle cranial fossa
posterion cranial fossa
the largest of the facial bones forms together the
upper jaw
horseshoe shaped oral margin that contains the teeth
alveolar processes
jagged slit like ooening between maxilla and sphenoid in the orbit
inferior orbital fissure
opening that penetrates the orbital rim
infraorbital foramen
largest sinus in the skull. lightens the maxilla superior to the teeth and produces mucus that drains into the nasal cavity
maxillary sinus
horizontal processes forms the hard plate
palatine process
openings through the palatine process behind the central incisors front teeth
inclusive canals
these bones are small and L shaped bones. it has a horizontal plate and perpendicular plate.
palatine bones
opening between the horizontal plate and palatine process of maxilla
greater palatine foramen
smaller openings behind the greater palatine foramen
lesser palatine foramen
small paired bones that articulate with frontal bones and frontal processes of maxillae
nasal bones
paired scroll like bones on the lateral wallof the nasal cavity
inferior nasal conchae
zygomatic bones form the lateral rim of the orbit
zygomatic bones
smallest bone of the skull located in the medial wall of the orbit
lacrimal bones
bone that forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum
vomer
forms the lower jaw.
mandible
processes that form the temporomandibular joint TMJ with the temporal bone
condylar processes
process on which the temporalis muscle inserts
coronoid processes
depression. egween the corinoid and condylar process
mandibular notch
openings for nerves and the blood vessels for the lower lip and chin
mental foramina
how many bones does facial bones have
14
n of nasal
2
lacrimal
2
palatine
2
inferior nasal concha
2
zygomatic 2
maxilla
2
mandible 1
vomer
1
2 rami is seperated by
mandibular notch
elevates the lower jaw during chewing
coronoid processes
forming the floor of the mouth, elevates tongue and mouth during swallowing
mylohyoid muscles
how many is the cranial bones
8
The facial bones (1) form the framework of the face, (2) contain cavities for the special sense organs of sight, taste, and smell, (3) provide openings for air and food passage, (4) secure the teeth, and (5) anchor the facial muscles of expression
purpose of cranial bones
