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kines 3rd shift > axes of femur + angulation > Flashcards

axes of femur + angulation Flashcards

1
Q

represented by a line through the femoral shaft.

A

Anatomical axis

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2
Q

represented by a line connecting the centers of the hip, knee and ankle.

A

Mechanical axis

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3
Q

center of tibia in anatomical axis should be parallel to

A

mechanical axis

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4
Q

anatomical axis + mechanical axis

A

knee angle/tibio-femoral angle

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5
Q

tibio-femoral angle

A

6 deg valgus relative to mechnanical axis

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6
Q

joint line

A

3 deg varus relative to mechanical axis

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7
Q

3 deg off from being perpendicular to the mechanical axis

A

joint line

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8
Q

Seen in frontal plane, between axis of femoral head and neck AND longitudinal axis of femoral shaft

A

Angle of Inclination/Neck shaft angle

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9
Q

Normal value of neck shaft angle

A

125 deg

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10
Q

neck shaft angle at birth

A

150 deg d/t no weight bearing yet

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11
Q

position of babies during birth

A

frog leg position

hip flexed abduct and external rotated (faber)

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12
Q

Neck shaft angle increases during

A

weight bearing

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13
Q

decrease in neck shaft angulation

shorter leg length

genu valgum in knees

A

Coxa Vara

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14
Q

Increase in angulation

longer leg length

genu varum in knees

A

Coxa Valga

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15
Q

angle in the transverse plane, an innate medial twist of the femur

A

Angle of Anteversion/ angle of torsion/femoral torsion

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16
Q

1st line of reference of angle of anteversion

A

line bisecting the femoral head, neck and head on the proximal femur

17
Q

2nd line of reference of angle of anteversion

A

line connecting the medial and lateral femoral condyles at the distal femur

18
Q

axis through the femoral head and neck in the transverse plane will lie at the angle to an axis through the femoral condyles,

with the head and neck torsioned (twisted) anteriorly (laterally rotated) with regard to an angle through the femoral condyles

A

Angle of Anteversion/ angle of torsion/femoral torsion

19
Q

normal value of angle of anteversion

A

generally 15 deg

adult: 10-20 deg
males: 15 deg
females: 18 deg

20
Q

new born value of angle of anteversion

A

40 deg/10-40 deg

21
Q

decrease in angle of anteversion

femoral head tilted posteriorly

A

retroverted/retroversion

22
Q

dislocation of femoral head from acetabulum

external rotation (uncompensated)

increase in angle

A

excessive anteversion of femur

23
Q

compensation of excessive anteversion of femur

A

internal rotation

femur: medially rotated
tibia: internal tibial torsion
knee: genu valgum
foot: in-toeing

24
Q

decreased angle of anteversion

femoral head goes posteriorly

internal rotation (uncompensated)

A

retroverted/retroversion

25
Q

compensation of retroversion/retroverted

A

external rotation

femur: laterally rotated
tibia: outward/external torsion
knee: genu varum
foot: out-toeing

26
Q

biomechanical angles of femur

A

angle of inclination/neck shaft angle

angle of anteversion

27
Q

measures coverage/depth of acetabulum to femoral head

superior coverage

formed by a line connecting the lateral rim of the acetabulum and the center of the femoral head and a vertical line from the center of the femoral head

A

Center edge angle/Angle of Wiberg

28
Q

Lines of Angle of Wiberg

A

line connecting the lateral rim of the acetabulum and center of femoral head

vertical line from cengter of the femoral head

29
Q

normal value of angle of wiberg

A

greater than 25 deg

30
Q

abnormal shallow acetabulum that results in lack of femoral head coverage

A

Acetabular Dysplasia

31
Q

angle of wiberg that is less than 16 deg/less than 20 deg

A

definite dysplasia

32
Q

angle of wiberg 16 to 25 deg

A

possible dysplasia

33
Q

angle of wiberg is greater than than 40 deg

A

excessive acetabular coverage

34
Q

terms used to describe conditions in which acetabulum excessively covers the femoral head

A

Coxa profunda

Acetabular protrusion

35
Q

Angle in transverse plane; anterior coverage of acetabulum

formed by two lines which originate at the posterior rim of acetabulum

A

Acetabular Anteversion Angle

36
Q

Reference lines of Acetabular Anteversion Angle

A

1st reference line extends in anterior direction parallel with the sagittal plane

2nd line extends obliquely to the anterior margin of acetabulum

37
Q

Normal value of Acetabular Anteversion Angle

A

generally, 20 deg

15-20 deg

38
Q

When acetabulum is positioned anteriorly in transverse plane

greater than 20 deg

A

Acetabular anteversion

39
Q

Acetabulum is positioned posteriorly in the transverse plane

less than 15 deg

A

Acetabular Retroversion

kines 3rd shift (3 decks)

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