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AWS > AWWWWSS > Flashcards

AWWWWSS Flashcards

1
Q

Offers long term archiving of infrequently accessed data, such as backups that must be retained for years

A

S3 Glacier

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2
Q

Virtual appliance that seamlessly moves data back and forth between your on-premise servers and AWS S3. Uses industry standard storage protocols, making integration seamless.

A

AWS Storage Gateway

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3
Q

Hardware Storage appliance designed to physically move massive amounts of data to or from S3, particularly when transfering the data over a network would take days or weeks.

A

AWS Snowball

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4
Q

Lets you store and retrieve unlimited amounts of data fro anywhere in the world at any time.

A

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

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5
Q

What can you use S3 for

A

store logs or retrieve data for processing, use to host static websites

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6
Q

Stores files, “Objects on disks in AWS data centers. Files can be text, images, videos, database files, etc. Each object can be 5 TB

A

Simple Storage Service (S3)

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7
Q

The filename of an object

A

Key. Each object key must be unique.

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8
Q

The level of durability and availability depends of an object depends on

A

It’s storage class

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9
Q

S3 Monthly Charges are based on what

A

the amount of data you store and the storage class that you use

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10
Q

S3 Storage Classes Are the following. Your choice of storage class depends on how frequently you’ll access them.

A

Standard——-use if need to access frequently & with minimal latency.

Standard_IA —infrequent access
Intelligent_Tiering —-infrequent access
ONEZONE_IA —-infrequent access
Glacier —–infrequent access

Reduced_Redundancy (RRS) - use if need to access frequently & with minimal latency

***Infrequently Accessed (IA) classes offer millisecond-latency access and high durability but the lowest availaility of all the classes. Designed for objects atleast 128 KB in size.

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11
Q

Default storage class. Highest availability or 99.99%, replicates objects across atleast three availability zones and is the most expensive

A

Standard

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12
Q

Storage class meant for data that can be easily replaced if needed to be replaced. Lowest durability of all classes. AWS recommends against using this one due to the low durability.

A

Reduced_Redundancy

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13
Q

Designed for important data that can’t be re-created. Objects are stored in multiple availability zones and have availability of 99.9%

A

Standard_IA

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14
Q

Objects stored using this storage class are kept in only one availability zone and consequently have the lowest availability of all of the classes (99.5%). Use this class only for data that you can re-create or have replicated.

A

OneZone-IA

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15
Q

Designed for long term archiving of objects that rarely need to be retrieved. Unlike other storage classes, you can’t retrieve an object in real time. Instead, you must initiate a restore request for the object and wait until the restore is complete, which can take 1 minute to 12 hour.

A

Glacier

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16
Q

S3 offers 1 storage class designed for both frequently and infrequently accessed objects. This storage class automatically moves objects to the most cost effective storage tier based on past access patterns. In addition to storage pricing, you’re charged a monthly monitoring and automation fee.

A

Intelligent_Tiering

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17
Q

S3 Offers 3 methods of controlling who may read, write, or delete objects stored in your S3 Bucket. Can use any combination of these, they are not mutually exclusive.

A

Bucket policies, User policies & bucket and object access control lists (ACLs)

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18
Q

A resource-based policy that you apply to a bucket. You can use this to grant access to all objects in a bucket or just specific objects in a bucket. Also who can read, write or delete objects.

A

Bucket policy

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19
Q

Use these policies to grant IAM principle access to S3 objects. Can apply these policies only to an IAM principal.

A

Identity and Access Management (IAM) user policies

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20
Q

Legacy access control methods that have mostly been superseded by bucket and user policies. Can be used to grant other AWS accounts and anonymous users access to your S3 resources. CANNOT be used to grant access to specific IAM principles

A

Bucket and Object Access Control Lists (ACLs)

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21
Q

S3 doesn’t change the content of an object when you upload it. If you want to add an added layer of security you have the option of encrypting objects before storing them in S3. This is called _____ and has 2 options for encrypting objects at rest _____

A

Encryption At Rest

  1. Server-Side Encryption
  2. Client-Side Encryption
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22
Q

When you create an object, S3 encrypts the object and saves only the encrypted content. Easiest to implement and doesn’t require you to keep track of encryption keys.

A

Server-Side Encryption

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23
Q

You encrypt the data prior to uploading it to S3. You are responsible for encryption and decryption. You need to keep track of encryption key.

A

Client-Side Encryption

24
Q

Helps protect against object overwrites and deletions. This is disabled by default when you create a bucket. Can be deleted by using the object life cycle configurations.

A

Versioning

25
Q

Can help control costs by automatically moving objects to different storage classes or deleting them after a time. These rules are applied to a bucket and consist of one or both of the following types of actions

A

Object Life Cycle Configuration

  1. Transition Action - move objects to a different storage class once they’ve reached a certain age.
  2. Expiration Action- automatically delete objects after they reach a certain age.
    * **If you have versioning enabled on a bucket, you can create expiration actions to delete object versions of a certain age.
26
Q

Store one or more files. Also known as a block of information

A

Archive (in a Glacier)

27
Q

Region specific container that stores archives

A

Vault

28
Q

Downloading an archive from a Glacier is a two step process. First initiate a retrieval job and downloading your data once the job is complete. There are 3 retrieval options

A
  1. Expedited: Completed within 1 to 5 minutes. Can optionally purchase provisioned capacity to ensure expedited retrieval.
  2. Standard: Completed within 3 to 5 hours. This is the default option.
  3. Bulk: Lowest cost option, Completed 5 to 12 hours
29
Q

Used to connect your existing on-premise servers to storage in the AWS cloud. You just need to provision this virtual machine on-premises and connect your servers to it. It then handles the data transfer between your server and the AWS storage infrastructure. Virtual machines run on ESXi or Microsoft Hyper-V hypervisor.

A

Storage Gateway

30
Q

AWS Storage Gateway offers the following three virtual machine types for different use cases

A
  1. File gateways
  2. Volume gateways
  3. Tape gateways
31
Q

lets you use the Network File System (NFS) and Server Message Block (SMB) protocals to store data in S3. Can function as a normal on-premise file server.

A

File Gateways

32
Q

Offers S3 bucket storage volumes that your on premises servers can use via the Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) protocol. It supports 2 configurations

A

Volume Gateways

  1. Stored Volumes- with this volume, the storage gateway stores all data locally and asynchronously backs it up to S3 as Elastic Block Store (EBS) snapshots.
  2. Cached Volumes- the storage gateway stores all your data on S3, and only a frequently used subset of that data us cached locally. This is a good option if you have a limited amount of local storage. Because only a subset of data is cached locally, it’s possible that any interruption in connectivity to AWS could make some data inaccessible.
33
Q

Stores virtual tapes in a virtual tape library (VTL) backed by S3. Specifically designed to work with common back up applications. Offers access through the iSCSI block storage protocol

A

Tape Gateways

34
Q

Hardware appliance designed to move massive amounts of data between your site and the AWS Cloud in a short time. The idea behind it is that it is quicker to physically ship a large amount of data than it is to transfer it over a network. This device includes a trusted platform module (TPM) chip that detects unauthorized modifications. You will transfer your data onto this device and mail back to AWS. AWS will then transfer the files from the device to one or more S3 buckets. Some common use cases include the following

A

AWS Snowball

  • Migrating data from an office or data center to the AWS Cloud.
  • Quickly transferring a large amount of data to or from S3 for backup or recovery purposes.
  • Distributing large volumes of content to customers and partners
35
Q

Snowball uses two layers of encryption and requires you to transfer data to it using what

A
  1. When you transfer data to or from Snowball, the data is encrypted in transit using SSL.
  2. The data you put on a Snowball is always encrypted at rest.

Must use either Snowball Client or more advanced S3 SDK Adapter for Snowball…data is encrypted by using AES 256-bit encryption so your data is never stored unencrypted. Snowball client doesn’t require coding knowledge, but the adapter does.

36
Q

Network connectivity, QSFP+ port (allows you to achieve faster network speeds), designed to transfer large amounts of data only between your local environment and S3.

A

Snowball Edge

**Note: You can cluster 5 to 10 Snowball Edge devices together to build a local highly available compute or storage cluster. Snowball edge does not support Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs)

37
Q

Snowball Edge Offerings:

Snowball Edge Device Options:

A
  1. Local Storage for S3 Buckets
  2. Compute power for EC2 instances and Lambda functions locally.
  3. File Server functionality using the Network File System (NFS) version 3 and 4 protocols

Device Options:

  1. Storage Optimized
  2. Compute Optimized—–offers the most computepower
  3. Compute Optimized with GPU—like compute option, but ideal for machine learning and high performance computing applications. Has a NVIDIA V100 Tensor Core graphical processing unit (GPU)
38
Q

Snowball and Snowball Edge can both transfer data to and from S3, but Snowball Edge call also:

A

local EC2 instances, local compute with Lambda, file server functionality using NFS and local S3 buckets

39
Q

What is the primary storage service in AWS?

It has a close relationship with what AWS services?

A
  • Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

- S3 Glacier & AWS Compute Services (EC2 and Lambda)

40
Q

For durable and highly available cloud storage, you can use these to make your files as private or public as you want.

A

Bucket policies

41
Q

When it comes to local storage, this lets you access your data by going through a virtual machine that automatically sychronizes your data with S3

A

AWS Storage Gateway

42
Q

For getting your files to or from S3 over the internet you will use

A

A virtual private network (VPN) or Direct Connect Link

43
Q

Can function was a durable local file server using the NFSv3 and NFSv4 protocols. Also can run EC2 instances or Lambda functions locally

A

Snowball Edge

44
Q

The likelyhood that an object won’t be lost over the course of a year

A

Durability

45
Q

the percentage of time an object will be accessible during the year

A

Availability

46
Q

How can you get data into and out of S3

A

You can download an object by using the S3 service console, by using the AWS CLI or by directly accessing the object’s URL.

47
Q

Allow secure transfer of data to and from S3

A

AWS Snowball

Snowball Edge

48
Q

Lets your on premise servers use industry standard storage protocols such as iSCSI, NFS, and SMB to transfer data to and from S3

A

AWS Storage Gateway

49
Q

Use to grant anonymous access to objects, such as webpages or images you want made public

A

Bucket policies

ACL’s

50
Q

Use to grant specific IAM principles in your account access to objects

A

User policies

51
Q

Know the difference between S3 and Glacier.

A
  • S3 offers highly available, real time retrieval of objects
  • Glacier: retrieving data is a two step process that requires first requesting an archive using the Expedited, Standard, or Bulk retrieval option and then downloading the archive once the retrieval is complete
52
Q

These offer access to S3 via the iSCSI block storage protocol

A

Volume gateways and Tape gateways

53
Q

What is the main difference between Simple Storage Service (S3) and Elastic Block Store

A
  • EBS Stores Volumes

- S3 stores objects

54
Q

What tasks can S3 object life cycle configuration perform automatically

A
  • Deleting old object versions
  • Moving objects to Glacier
  • Deleting old objects
  • It cannot: delete buckets or move objects to an EBS volume
55
Q

Where does AWS Storage Gateway primarily store data

A

All AWS Storage Gateways types (files, volumes and tapes) primarily store data in S3 buckets. From there, data can be stored in Glacier or EBS snapshots, which can be instantiated as EBS volumes.

56
Q

What’s the most data you can store on a single AWS Snowball device

A

72 TB

AWS (10 decks)

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