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AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (CCP) > AWS Storage Service > Flashcards

AWS Storage Service Flashcards

1
Q

Three types of AWS Storage Services

A

Block Storage = Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)

File Storage = Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)

Object Storage Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

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2
Q

Block Based Storage System

A

Operating System(OS) reads/writes at the block level (looking at a disc).

OS can be used to create volumes

Volumes can be partitioned and formatted (C: drive, D: drive, etc)

You can create multiple volumes and partition volumes
—->Ex. c: drive is a volume THEN add’l partitions is an add’l drive like the d: drive

Disks can be internal or network attached

Ex. Hard drive

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3
Q

File Based Storage System

A

File Based Storage System

  • A filesystem is ‘mounted’ to the OS using a network share (remote drive)
  • —>A filesystem can be shared by many users/computers

Network Attached Storage System (NAS)

  • –>File Based storage systems
  • —–>Connected by a network to a storage server
  • ——–>Server has block based storage in it and it ‘shares’ filesystems over the network
  • Ex. StateFarm ‘n’ drive

User can NOT create add’l volumes/partitions in this type of storage system

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4
Q

Object Based Storage System

A

Object Based Storage System

-User uploads objects using a web browser to an object storage container

  • Data moves from user to storage container via the web so HTTP protocol
  • —>The HTTP protocol is used with REST API (eg. GET, PUT, POST, SELECT, DELETE) to upload data, download data, delete data, etc
  • Anything you put in a file system can be put in Object Based storage system
  • There is NO hierarchy of objects in the container (as opposed to file system that has layers of directories in a hierarchy where files are stored
  • Scalable and LOW COST
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5
Q

Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)

A

Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)

-Storage service used by EC2 instances for root volume

  • EBS volume data persists independently of the life of the instance
  • —>Volumes do not need to be attached to an instance
  • Can attach multiple EBS volumes to an instance
  • EBS volumes must be in the same Availability Zone (AZ) as the instance they are attached to
  • Root EBS volumes are deleted on termination by default
  • —>Extra non-boot volumes are not deleted on termination by default
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6
Q

Elastic Block Store HDD (Hard Disk Drive) Backed Volumes

                                           VS

Elastic Block Store SSD (Solid State Drive) Backed Volumes

A

EBS HDD (Hard Disk Drive) - Backed Volumes

    - Lower performance than SSD
- Cheaper
EBS SSD (Solid State Drives)- Backed Volumes
        -Similar to hard disk drives but they are 'solid' state (chips in a disk)
	-Higher performance
	-More expensive
	      -Examples: 
				-Gp2 - General Purpose SSD
					-Good performance
					-Up to 16,000 IOPS 
							IOPS = IO operations per second
				-Io1 - Provisioned iops
					Can provision the IOPS vs having an assigned number of iOPS
					Better performance
					More expensive
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7
Q

Snapshots

A

Snapshots

  • Capture a point-in-time state of an instance which can be used in the future w/ the same configurations
  • Are stored in S3 (regional service)
  • Snapshots are incremental if you make periodic snapshots of a volume
  • EBS volumes are Availability Zone (AZ) specific, where snapshots are region specific
  • Can use a snapshot to create volumes in different Availability Zones (since snapshots exist in the region outside Availability Zones)
  • —>Great way to move a specific volume from one Availability zone to another

-Snapshots can be used to create an AMI

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8
Q

Automates the creation, retention, and deletion of EBS snapshots and EBS- backed AMI’s:

                            Amazon Machine Image
                            Amazon CloudFront
                            Data Lifecycle Manager (DLM)
                            Amazon Workspace
A

Data Lifecycle Manager (DLM)

-Automates the creation, retention, and deletion of EBS snapshots and EBS- backed AMI’s

Advantages:

  • Protects valuable data by enforcing a regular backup schedule
  • Create standardized AMIs that can be refreshed at regular intervals
  • Retain backups as required by auditors or internal compliance
  • Reduce storage costs b/c you can delete outdated backups
  • Create disaster recovery backup policies that backup data to isolated accounts
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9
Q

High performance local disks that are physically attached to the host computer on which an EC2 instance runs:

                           Elastic Block Store Volumes
                           Instance Store Volumes
                           Operating System
                            Amazon ELB
A

Instance Store Volumes

  • High performance local disks that are physically attached to the host computer on which an EC2 instance runs
  • —>As opposed to an EBS volume that is accessed via the internet/network)
  • Data is ephemeral which means data is lost when powered off (non-persistent)
  • —>As opposed to EBS which is persistent storage

-Ideal for temporary storage of information that changes frequently, like buffers, caches, or scratch data

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10
Q 
Community AMI
        VS
AWS Marketplace AMI
        VS
My AMI
A

Community AMIs - free to use, generally you just select the OS you want

AWS Marketplace AMIs - pay to use, generally come packaged with additional, licensed software

My AMIs - AIs that you create yourself

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11
Q

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)

A

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)

  • File-based storage system
  • Uses the NFS (Network File System) protocol
  • Used by Linux instances to mount file system over the network
  • Can connect many EC2 instances concurrently (thousands)
  • EC2 instances can be connected from multiple AZ’s
  • Only available for Linux instances (not Windows)
  • Can connect instances from other VPC’s (Virtual Private Clouds) or an on-premises datacenter
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12
Q

Object Based storage system:

            EBS
            EC2
            Amazon S3
            EFS
A

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) - COVERED IN DETAIL ON THE EXAM

  • Object based storage system
  • We create a container(bucket) in S3 to upload objects (files)
  • —>Basically S3 is a bucket/container that stores objects
  • ——>Connect over HTTP
  • ——>Key = name of the object
  • ——>Value = actual data
  • Can store any type of file in S3 -Unlimited storage available
  • Files can be any size from 0 bytes to 5 TB
  • S3 is a universal namespace so bucket names must be unique globally
  • —>Buckets are created within a Region
  • –>Choose regions closer to your end users to improve performance
  • Transfer Acceleration- speeds up uploads using CloudFront
  • Requester pays- the account requesting the objects pays
  • Events can trigger notifications to SNS, SQS, and Lambda
  • Static WEBSITE HOSTING - setup a STATIC WEBSITE
  • Encryption- encrypt objects in the bucket
  • Replication- replicate within across region
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13
Q

A way to connect from your VPC using the private interfaces of your instances instead of connecting over the public internet:

                                  S3 Gateway Endpoint
                                  NFS
                                  Amazon Gateway
                                  Access Keys
A

S3 Gateway Endpoint

A way to connect from your VPC using the private interfaces of your instances instead of connecting over the public internet

Good if worried about data moving over internet

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14
Q

Availability VS Durability

A

Availability

  • Measures how readily available the service is
  • Measured as percentage
  • SLA varies between storage classes

Durability

  • Measures likelihood of data loss
  • All storage classes offer 99.99999999% durability
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15
Q

S3 Storage Classes

A

S3 STANDARD

  • Durable, immediately available, frequently accessed
  • Good for data that you don’t need for very long
  • ALL OTHER CLASSES BELOW will be charged for 30 days even if you don’t use them

S3 INTELLIGENT-TIERING
-Automatically moves data to the most cost effective tier

S3 STANDARD-IA (IA=infrequently accessed)
-Durable, immediately available, infrequently accessed

S3 ONE-ZONE-IA
-Lower cost for infrequently accessed data with less resilience

S3 GLACIER
-Archived data, retrieval times in minutes or hours

S3 GLACIER DEEP ARCHIVE
-Lowest cost storage class for long term retention
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16
Q

A way to keep multiple variants of an object in the same bucket:

                             S3 Glacier
                             S3 Replication
                             S3 Versioning
                             Snapshot
A

S3 Versioning

A way to keep multiple variants of an object in the same bucket

To preserve, retrieve, and restore every version of every object stored in your Amazon S3 bucket

Versioning-enabled buckets enable you to recover objects from accidental deletion or overwrite

17
Q

A way to replicate data from one bucket to another:

                             S3 Glacier
                             S3 Replication
                             S3 Versioning
                             Snapshot
A

S3 Replication

Replicating data from one bucket to another

Versioning must be enabled to do this

Cross-Region Replication (CRR)
—->Replicate to a bucket in another region

Same-Region Replication
—->Replicate to a bucket in the same region

18
Q

Rules applied to automatically update object by moving it to a different storage area (transition action) or deleting it (expiration action) when object reaches a certain age.

                                Amazon Auto Tune
                                S3 Replication
                                Lifecycle Configuration Rules
                                EC2 Auto Scaling
A

Lifecycle Configuration Rules

Rules applied to automatically update the objects

  • TRANSITION Actions - move object to a diff storage class once it reaches a certain age
  • EXPIRATIONS Actions - automatically delete objects after they reach a certain age
19
Q

What should you use to host a static website?

                    EC2 Instance 
                    EBS
                    Amazon S3
                    Amazon Gateway
A

Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

  • Create a S3 bucket
  • Configure it for static website hosting
  • Update the web assets that contain the content you want to serve
20
Q

S3 Glacier
VS
S3 Glacier Deep Archive

A

S3 GLACIER

  • Used for Archiving
  • Low cost and pay for what you need
  • No commitments of upfront fees
Two classes:
GLACIER
---->Expedited 1-5 minutes
---->Standard 3-5 hours
---->Bulk 5-12 hours

GLACIER DEEP ARCHIVE

  • —>-Expedited - not available
  • —>Standard 12 hours
  • —>Bulk 48 hours
21
Q

What are the three options to access Glacier archives?

A

Fastest to Slowest:

  • Expedited
  • Standard
  • Bulk
22
Q

S3 Object Lock
VS
S3 Glacier Vault Lock

A

S3 Object Lock

  • Store objects using a write-once-read-many (WORM)
  • Prevent objects from being deleted or overwritten for a fixed time or indefinitely

S3 Glacier Vault lock

  • Also used to enforce the WORM model
  • Can apply a policy and lock the policy from future edits
  • Use for compliance objectives and data retention

AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (CCP) (15 decks)

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