AWS Storage and Datbases Flashcards
What is Instance Store ?
Provides temporary block-level storage for an Amazon EC2 instance
An instance store is disk storage that is physically attached to the host computer for an EC2 instance
–Therefore has the same lifespan as the instance
–Block- Level storage volumes behave like physical hard drives
What is Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) ?
Service that provides block-level storages volumes that can be used with an Amazon EC2 instance
-If the instance is stop or terminated, all the data attached to the EBS volume remains available
What is Amazon EBS Snapshots ?
Incremental Backup
-The first backup taken of the volume copies all the data
-For Subsequent backups, only the blocks of data that have changed since the most recent snapshot is save
-Incremental backups are much different from full backups
–In which all data in the storage volume copies each time a backup happens
-Full back includes data that not changed since its the most recent back up
What is Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
Service that provide object-level storage
-Stores data as objects in buckets or file directory
-Can upload any type of file to Amazon S3
(Images, Videos, Text Files)
-Offers unlimited storage space
-Max file size for an object is 5 TB
-Also can set permissions to control visibility and access to it
-Also can track changes to your objects over time
Name the Amazon S3 Storage Classes
S3 Standard
S3 Intelligent tiering
S3 Standard - Infrequent Access (S3 standard- IA)
S3 One Zone- Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone- IA)
S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archival
S3 Outposts
2 factors:
How often you plan to retrieve your data
How available you need your data to be
Describe S3 Standard
-Frequent access
-Storage data in a minimum of 3 availability zones
-Wide range of use cases, websites, content distribution and data analytics
-Higher costs than other storage classes
Describe S3 Intelligent Tiering
Ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns
Small monthly monitoring and automation fee per object
Describe S3 Standard - Infrequent Access (S3 standard- IA)
Less frequently access data
Similar to Amazon S3 standard but lower storage prices and higher retrieval price
-3 Availability zones
-Lower storage prices but higher retrieval price
Describe S3 One Zone- Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone- IA)
Stores data in 1 availability zone
-Lower storage prices with S3 Standard IA
–Save costs on Storage
–Easily reproduce data in the event of an availability zone failure
Describe Glacier Instant Retrieval
Archive for immediate access
-Works well for archived data that requires immediate access
-Retrieve objects within milliseconds
-Consider how quickly a user must retrieve the archived objects
-Similar performance of S3 Standard
Describe S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
Low cost storage designed for data archiving
-Able to retrieve objects within a minutes to hours
-Ideal for data archiving
-This storage class can be for archived customer records
(Photos, Video files, Up to 1 minute to 12 hours )
Describe S3 Glacier Deep Archival
Lowest cost object storage class ideal for archiving
-Able to retrieve within 12 hours to 48 hours
-Long term retention and digital preservation for data
-Once or twice a year
-All objects are replicated and stored across 3 geographically dispersed availability zones
Describe Amazon S3 Outposts
Create S3 buckets
-Makes it easier to retrieve, store and access
-Delivers object storage to an on-prem AWS Outposts environment
-Designed to store data durably and redundantly across multiple devices and servers on your Outposts
-Works well for workloads with local data residency requirements that must satisfy demanding performance needs by keeping data close to on-prem applications
Describe Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)
Multiple instances can access the data in EFS at the same time
-Multiples instances reading and writing simultaneously and can store data across multiple availability Zones.
-Linux File system
-Regional Resource
-Automatically scales
Describe File Storage
-Multiple clients (users, applications, servers) can access data that is stored in share file folders
-Storage server uses block storage with the local file system to organize files
-Clients access data through file paths
-Ideal for use cases where a large number of services and resources need to access the same data at the same time.
What is a relational database ?
Data is stored in a way that relates to other pieces of data
Each record in the database would include a single item
-Name
-Size
-Price
What is structured Query Language (SQL)
To store and query data
Use Structured Query Language
To store and query data and allows data to be stored in an easily understandable, consistent, and scalable way
Describe the Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)
Service that enables a user to run relational database in the AWS cloud
-Managed service that automates tasks
-Hardware provisioning
-Database setup
-Patching
-Backups
Can also integrate Amazon RDS with other services to fulfill business and operational needs
–Amazon Lambda to query database for serverless operation
Many different security options
–Encryption at rest (protecting data while it is stored
–Encryption in transit (protecting data while its being sent and received)
6 types of Amazon RDS databases engines
Amazon Aurora
PostgreSQL
MySQL
MariaDB
Oracle Database
Microsoft SQL Server
Optimize memory, performance and input/output
Describe Amazon Aurora
Enterprise class relational database
Compatible with MySql and PostgreSQL
5 times faster than MySQL
3x than PostgreSQL databases
Helps reduce database costs by reducing unnecessary input/ouput (I/O) operations
Ensure Database resources remain reliable and available
Amazon Aurora is for workloads that require high availability
Replicates 6 copies across 3 availability Zones
Backs up data to Amazon S3
Describe Amazon DynamoDB
Key-value database service
Delivers a single-digit millisecond performance at any scale
Serverless Database
–Do not have provision, patch or manage servers
–Do not have install, maintain or operate software
As the database shrinks and grows, DynamoDB automatically scales to adjust for changes in capacity and maintain performance
Suitable to use cases for high performance while scaling
Nonrelational databases is..?
You create tables. A table is a place where you can store and query data.
Tables is a place where a user can store and query data
Referred to as “NoSQL” database
This databases uses structures from other rows and columns to organize data
Describe Amazon Redshift
Data warehouse as a service that a user can use for big data analytics
Offers the ability to collect data from multiple sources and helps a user understand relationship and trends
