AWS Solutions Architect Associate 2025 Flashcards

1
Q

AWS accounts and root users have a one or many to one or many relationship?

A

One to one. Each AWS account has one root user.

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2
Q

True or false, AWS accounts can have multiple users

A

True, only one root user though

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3
Q

How do I restrict the permissions of the root user of an AWS account?

A

It’s not possible

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4
Q

Does creating an IAM policy give/deny permission to something?

A

No, it must also be attached to a user, group, or role.

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5
Q

an IAM user can have up to how many access keys?

A

two, so that you can move applications from an old key to a new one before deleting the old one

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6
Q

How is redshift spectrum different from redshift?

A

Redshift spectrum can query files directly from S3, as opposed to needing to load it into a cluster

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7
Q

Can an NACL rule specify a security group as an inbound source?

A

No, NACL rules use CIDR ranges. You would need a security group and security group rule.

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8
Q

Are security groups stateful?

A

Yes, they automatically allow return traffic

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9
Q

Are NACLs stateful?

A

No, there must be explicit rules for inbound and outbound. This means that ephemeral outbound ports must be explicitly allowed.

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10
Q

What is the difference between an Aurora cluster endpoint and reader endpoint?

A

Cluster endpoint is the writer endpoint

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11
Q

What is a transit gateway

A

A network transit hub that lets you interconnect VPCs and on-prem networks

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12
Q

Can you set a primary and secondary resource in an active-active route 53 failover?

A

No, because active-active uses all available resources all the time without a primary/secondary resource

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13
Q

When an RDS primary DB instance fails, is the failover handled via switching the IP address to the standby instance, or the canonical name record (CNAME) switching?

A

CNAME

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14
Q

What service would you use to extend on-premise storage?

A

AWS Storage Gateway

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15
Q

How can I prevent EBS root volumes from being deleted when instances are terminated in an autoscaling group?

A

Set DeleteOnTermination to false

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16
Q

Can I join an EFS file system to an active directory domain?

A

No, EFS only supports linux. You should use FSx for Windows File ServerW

17
Q

Which has more operational overhead? Karpenter, or the native Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler?

A

Cluster Autoscaler requires more manual configuration and tuning, so it has more operational overhead

18
Q

You want to keep data in S3 Glacier, but need to be able to retrieve some of it in under 15 minutes in all circumstances. How can you do this?

A

use Expedited Retrieval to access it, and purchase provisioned retrieval capacity to ensure the request succeeds even during rare situations of unusually high demand.

19
Q

What is Athena?

A

A way to query S3 using standard SQL

20
Q

What service can I use to set up a data lake that stores data in s3?

A

lake formation

21
Q

I need to share resources across AWS accounts / within an organization

A

Use AWS resource access manager

22
Q

How do I enable Enhanced Monitoring on an EC2 instance?

A

You can’t, that’s an RDS feature

23
Q

Which EC2 instance will an autoscaling group terminate first? One which has been running longest, or one launched from the oldest launch template

A

Oldest launch template. Longest running is never a factor.

24
Q

In s3 can you enable object lock but disable object versioning?

A

no, object lock forces object versioning on a bucket

25
Q

How do you turn off object lock?

A

You can’t, once you turn on object lock for a bucket it is on forever