Avionics

Question 1

The primary function of an aircraft electrical system is to ____, _____, ____ throughout the aircraft.

Answer 1

to generate, regulate, and distribute electrical power

Question 2

Sources on aircraft to power the aircraft electrical systems. These power sources include: ________ .

Answer 2

engine-driven alternating current (AC) generators, auxiliary power units (APUs), and external power

Question 3

The aircraft’s electrical power system is used to operate the

Answer 3

flight instruments, essential systems, such as anti-icing, and passenger services, such as cabin lighting

Question 4

Direct Current (DC):

Alternating Current (AC):

Answer 4

battery, generator, transformer-rectifier

generator, inverter

Question 5

Most aircraft are equipped with either a ___- or a ___- volt direct current electrical system

Answer 5

14 or 28

Question 6

Systems that uses Electronics

Answer 6

Communications
Navigation
Monitoring
Aircraft flight-control system
Fuel Systems
Collision-avoidance systems
Flight recorders
Weather systems
Aircraft management systems

Question 7

ØAvionics equipment on a modern military or civil aircraft can account for around ____% of the total cost of the aircraft.

40% in the case of a _______ and 75% of the total cost in the case of an __________

Answer 7

30%, Helicopter, airborne early warning aircraft (AWACS).

Question 8

Modern general aviation aircraft also have a significant avionics content – __________

Answer 8

colour head down displays, GPS satellite navigation systems, radio communications equipment.

Question 9

It provides the visual interface between the pilot and the aircraft systems

Answer 9

Display System

Question 10

can project the display information into the pilot’s field of view so that the pilot can be head up and can concentrate on the outside world.

Answer 10

HUD and HMD

Question 11

can also display a FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared) video picture.

Answer 11

HUD (Heads Up Display)

Question 12

enables the pilot to be presented with information while looking in any direction, as opposed to the limited forward field of view of the HUD.

Answer 12

The HMD (Helmets Mounted display)

Question 13

provide the primary flight displays (PFDs) of height, airspeed, Mach number, vertical speed, artificial horizon, pitch angle, bank angle and heading, velocity vector and also engine data

Answer 13

Multi-function colour displays (HDD) Heads down display

Question 14

Essential for air traffic control

Answer 14

Communication Systems

Question 15

The first avionic system –

Answer 15

radio transmitter and receiver equipment.

Question 16

World Wide Communication

Answer 16

Sattelite Communication (SATCOM)

Question 17

Air data systems and the inertial sensor systems

Answer 17

Aircraft State Sytems

Question 18

provide accurate information on the air data quantities (the altitude, calibrated airspeed, vertical speed, true airspeed, Mach number, etc). This information is essential for the control and navigation of the aircraft.

Answer 18

Air Data Systems

Question 19

provide the information on aircraft attitude and the direction in which it is heading which is essential information for the pilot in executing a manoeuvre or flying in conditions of poor visibility, flying in clouds or at night

Answer 19

The Inertial Sensor Systems

Question 20

Inertial Sensors –

Answer 20

Gyroscopes (measures angular rotation) and Accelerometers (measures linear acceleration), Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS)

Question 21

– determination of position and velocity of a vehicle with respect to a reference.

Answer 21

Navigation

Question 22

– Inertial Navigation, Doppler Navigation

Answer 22

Dead reckoning navigation

Question 23

.

– VOR, DME, ADF, LORAN, etc.Satellite Navigation – GPS, GLONASS.

Answer 23

Radio Navigation

Question 24

– Instrument Landing System, Microwave Landing System

Answer 24

Approach guidance

Question 25

ØThese comprise the systems which reduce the crew workload and enable minimum crew operation by automating and managing as many tasks as appropriate so that the crew role is a supervisory management one.

Answer 25

Task Automation System

Question 26

– It comprises the operation of all the radio navigation aid systems and the combination of the data from all the navigation sources to provide the best possible estimate of the aircraft position, ground speed

Answer 26

Navigation Management

Question 27

Flight Management Systems

Answer 27

•Flight planning.
•Navigation management.
•Engine control to maintain the planned speed or Mach number.
•Control of the aircraft flight path to follow the optimised planned route.
•Control of the vertical flight profile.
•Ensuring the aircraft is at the planned 3D position at the planned time slot; often referred to as 4D navigation.
•Flight envelope monitoring.
•Minimising fuel consumption.

Question 28

It carry out the task of control and the efficient management and monitoring of the engines.

Answer 28

Engine Control and Management System

Question 29

automatically controls the flow of fuel to the engine combustion chambers by the fuel control unit so as to provide a closed-loop control of engine thrust in response to the throttle command.

Answer 29

FADEC

Question 30

System that ensures the engine limits in terms of temperatures, engine speeds and accelerations are not exceeded and the engine responds in an optimum manner to the throttle command.

Answer 30

The control system

Question 31

House Keeping Management System

Answer 31

Fuel management.
Electrical power supply system management.
Hydraulic power supply system management.
Cabin/cockpit pressurization systems.
Environmental control system.
Warning systems.
Maintenance and monitoring systems

Question 32

Major “ilities” of Avionics

Answer 32

Capability.
Reliability.
Maintainability.
Availability.
Certificability.
Survivability (military).
Susceptibility.
Vulnerability.
Weight and power.