Avian Anesthesia/Analgesia

Question 1

What is the recommended fasting length for a pre-surgical patient weighing less than 100g.

Answer 1

No fasting

Question 2

Raptors should be fasted for ______hours before surgery

Answer 2

12-24

Question 3

Birds between 400-1000g should be fasted for _______ hours ebfore surgery

Answer 3

3-4

Question 4

Why should we avoid over-using alcohol on birds in any situation

Answer 4

Decreases body temperature

Question 5

What are good anesthetic drugs for aves?

Answer 5

Midazolam, Hydromorphone, Ketamine

Question 6

What IV induction drugs are used?

Answer 6

Propofol or Alfaxalone

Question 7

Mask induction requires a vaporizer setting of ____%

Answer 7

5

Question 8

True or false: Oxygen flow rate should be low because they are at risk of hypocapnia

Answer 8

False. Should be high due to risk of hypercapnia

Question 9

What are some parameters we can look at to measure patient depth during anesthesia?

Answer 9

RR/HR, wing tone, cloacal ton, pedal reflex

Question 10

Maintenance of aves on Isoflurane require a vaporizer setting of _____%

Answer 10

1.5-3%

Question 11

When using Isoflurane, MAC of aves is:

Answer 11

1.3xMAC

Question 12

What is the best type of ET tube? Why?

Answer 12

Uncuffed due to complete tracheal rings

Question 13

True or false: ET tubes are measured and cut to reduce dead space

Answer 13

true

Question 14

Why is intubation riskier in aves?

Answer 14

Their tracheas narrow, risk of stenosis

Question 15

What can be done for ventilation if ET intubation is not an option?

Answer 15

Air sac cannula placement within the caudal thoracic air sac (can be left up to 7 days)

Question 16

When IV access isnt available and the anesthesia is high risk, what can be done?

Answer 16

Intraosseous catheter

Question 17

What type of procedures indicate mask maintenance rather than ET tube maintenance?

Answer 17

Short procedures or frequent need to anesthetize such as frequent bandage changes

Question 18

What type of procedures indicate ET tube maintenance rather than mask maintenance?

Answer 18

Long procedures or in patients with a history of apnea

Question 19

True or false: Ave eyes do not need to be lubricated

Answer 19

False asf

Question 20

What 2 clinical signs indicate that a florescein stain test is needed during the post-op recovery stage?

Answer 20

Bird squinting or keeping eyes closed, may have ulcers

Question 21

Where can a doppler be placed for monitoring?

Answer 21

Arteries - femoral, proximal ulna, carpus, over heart

Question 22

What is the normal MAP value for an anesthetized bird?

Answer 22

90-150mmHg

Question 23

True or false: Chances are, prolonged anesthesia won’t require IPPV

Answer 23

False. Likely required

Question 24

Birds tend to recover from anesthesia _____ (slower or faster)

Answer 24

faster

Question 25

You should wait until the _____ reflex returns before extubating

Answer 25

nictitating membrane

Question 26

What happens if you wait until patient is fully recovered before extubating?

Answer 26

You can create a dysphoric-type status

Question 27

Emergency fluid rate is:

Answer 27

10-25 ml/kg/hour

Question 28

What are the ABCDEFG of Avian CPR

Answer 28

Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Drugs, Emergency Fluids, Gas

Question 29

What are the 5 common emergency drugs for birds?

Answer 29

atropine, glycopyrrolate, epinephrine, flumazenil, naloxone

Question 30

Describe the CPR process

Answer 30

1. turn off anesthetic 2. place IOC 3. intubate if possible 4. begin IPPV with pure oxygen 5. provide emergency drugs, epinephrine IT

Question 31

What can be done to help a bird experiencing dystocia?

Answer 31

1. Try and help pass the egg naturally (fluids, increase heat, lubricate cloaca) 2. Break the egg down through cloaca under general anesthesia, using lots of sterile lube

Question 32

Heavy metal poisoning is typically either ____ or ____

Answer 32

lead or zinc

Question 33

Treatment for heavy metal poisoning includes fluid and ______ therapy

Answer 33

chelation

Question 34

True or false: Birds with bite wounds to face or feet, it is a medical emergency

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Why is it a medical emergency for birds to have bite wounds?

Answer 35

Sepsis can happen within 24 hours

Question 36

What are some examples of inhaled toxins for birds?

Answer 36

Cigarette smokes, fire smoke, cleaning agents, self-cleaning ovens

Question 37

What should be done to treat inhaled toxins?

Answer 37

Place in incubator with 100% Oxygen therapy