Avian Anesthesia/Analgesia Flashcards
What is the recommended fasting length for a pre-surgical patient weighing less than 100g.
No fasting
Raptors should be fasted for ______hours before surgery
12-24
Birds between 400-1000g should be fasted for _______ hours ebfore surgery
3-4
Why should we avoid over-using alcohol on birds in any situation
Decreases body temperature
What are good anesthetic drugs for aves?
Midazolam, Hydromorphone, Ketamine
What IV induction drugs are used?
Propofol or Alfaxalone
Mask induction requires a vaporizer setting of ____%
5
True or false: Oxygen flow rate should be low because they are at risk of hypocapnia
False. Should be high due to risk of hypercapnia
What are some parameters we can look at to measure patient depth during anesthesia?
RR/HR, wing tone, cloacal ton, pedal reflex
Maintenance of aves on Isoflurane require a vaporizer setting of _____%
1.5-3%
When using Isoflurane, MAC of aves is:
1.3xMAC
What is the best type of ET tube? Why?
Uncuffed due to complete tracheal rings
True or false: ET tubes are measured and cut to reduce dead space
true
Why is intubation riskier in aves?
Their tracheas narrow, risk of stenosis
What can be done for ventilation if ET intubation is not an option?
Air sac cannula placement within the caudal thoracic air sac (can be left up to 7 days)
When IV access isnt available and the anesthesia is high risk, what can be done?
Intraosseous catheter
What type of procedures indicate mask maintenance rather than ET tube maintenance?
Short procedures or frequent need to anesthetize such as frequent bandage changes
What type of procedures indicate ET tube maintenance rather than mask maintenance?
Long procedures or in patients with a history of apnea
True or false: Ave eyes do not need to be lubricated
False asf
What 2 clinical signs indicate that a florescein stain test is needed during the post-op recovery stage?
Bird squinting or keeping eyes closed, may have ulcers
Where can a doppler be placed for monitoring?
Arteries - femoral, proximal ulna, carpus, over heart
What is the normal MAP value for an anesthetized bird?
90-150mmHg
True or false: Chances are, prolonged anesthesia won’t require IPPV
False. Likely required
Birds tend to recover from anesthesia _____ (slower or faster)
faster
You should wait until the _____ reflex returns before extubating
nictitating membrane
What happens if you wait until patient is fully recovered before extubating?
You can create a dysphoric-type status
Emergency fluid rate is:
10-25 ml/kg/hour
What are the ABCDEFG of Avian CPR
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Drugs, Emergency Fluids, Gas
What are the 5 common emergency drugs for birds?
atropine, glycopyrrolate, epinephrine, flumazenil, naloxone
Describe the CPR process
- turn off anesthetic
- place IOC
- intubate if possible
- begin IPPV with pure oxygen
- provide emergency drugs, epinephrine IT
What can be done to help a bird experiencing dystocia?
- Try and help pass the egg naturally (fluids, increase heat, lubricate cloaca)
- Break the egg down through cloaca under general anesthesia, using lots of sterile lube
Heavy metal poisoning is typically either ____ or ____
lead or zinc
Treatment for heavy metal poisoning includes fluid and ______ therapy
chelation
True or false: Birds with bite wounds to face or feet, it is a medical emergency
True
Why is it a medical emergency for birds to have bite wounds?
Sepsis can happen within 24 hours
What are some examples of inhaled toxins for birds?
Cigarette smokes, fire smoke, cleaning agents, self-cleaning ovens
What should be done to treat inhaled toxins?
Place in incubator with 100% Oxygen therapy
