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EXOTICS > Avian Anesthesia/Analgesia > Flashcards

Avian Anesthesia/Analgesia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the recommended fasting length for a pre-surgical patient weighing less than 100g.

A

No fasting

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2
Q

Raptors should be fasted for ______hours before surgery

A

12-24

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3
Q

Birds between 400-1000g should be fasted for _______ hours ebfore surgery

A

3-4

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4
Q

Why should we avoid over-using alcohol on birds in any situation

A

Decreases body temperature

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5
Q

What are good anesthetic drugs for aves?

A

Midazolam, Hydromorphone, Ketamine

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6
Q

What IV induction drugs are used?

A

Propofol or Alfaxalone

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7
Q

Mask induction requires a vaporizer setting of ____%

A

5

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8
Q

True or false: Oxygen flow rate should be low because they are at risk of hypocapnia

A

False. Should be high due to risk of hypercapnia

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9
Q

What are some parameters we can look at to measure patient depth during anesthesia?

A

RR/HR, wing tone, cloacal ton, pedal reflex

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10
Q

Maintenance of aves on Isoflurane require a vaporizer setting of _____%

A

1.5-3%

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11
Q

When using Isoflurane, MAC of aves is:

A

1.3xMAC

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12
Q

What is the best type of ET tube? Why?

A

Uncuffed due to complete tracheal rings

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13
Q

True or false: ET tubes are measured and cut to reduce dead space

A

true

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14
Q

Why is intubation riskier in aves?

A

Their tracheas narrow, risk of stenosis

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15
Q

What can be done for ventilation if ET intubation is not an option?

A

Air sac cannula placement within the caudal thoracic air sac (can be left up to 7 days)

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16
Q

When IV access isnt available and the anesthesia is high risk, what can be done?

A

Intraosseous catheter

17
Q

What type of procedures indicate mask maintenance rather than ET tube maintenance?

A

Short procedures or frequent need to anesthetize such as frequent bandage changes

18
Q

What type of procedures indicate ET tube maintenance rather than mask maintenance?

A

Long procedures or in patients with a history of apnea

19
Q

True or false: Ave eyes do not need to be lubricated

A

False asf

20
Q

What 2 clinical signs indicate that a florescein stain test is needed during the post-op recovery stage?

A

Bird squinting or keeping eyes closed, may have ulcers

21
Q

Where can a doppler be placed for monitoring?

A

Arteries - femoral, proximal ulna, carpus, over heart

22
Q

What is the normal MAP value for an anesthetized bird?

A

90-150mmHg

23
Q

True or false: Chances are, prolonged anesthesia won’t require IPPV

A

False. Likely required

24
Q

Birds tend to recover from anesthesia _____ (slower or faster)

A

faster

25
Q

You should wait until the _____ reflex returns before extubating

A

nictitating membrane

26
Q

What happens if you wait until patient is fully recovered before extubating?

A

You can create a dysphoric-type status

27
Q

Emergency fluid rate is:

A

10-25 ml/kg/hour

28
Q

What are the ABCDEFG of Avian CPR

A

Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Drugs, Emergency Fluids, Gas

29
Q

What are the 5 common emergency drugs for birds?

A

atropine, glycopyrrolate, epinephrine, flumazenil, naloxone

30
Q

Describe the CPR process

A
  1. turn off anesthetic
  2. place IOC
  3. intubate if possible
  4. begin IPPV with pure oxygen
  5. provide emergency drugs, epinephrine IT
31
Q

What can be done to help a bird experiencing dystocia?

A
  1. Try and help pass the egg naturally (fluids, increase heat, lubricate cloaca)
  2. Break the egg down through cloaca under general anesthesia, using lots of sterile lube
32
Q

Heavy metal poisoning is typically either ____ or ____

A

lead or zinc

33
Q

Treatment for heavy metal poisoning includes fluid and ______ therapy

A

chelation

34
Q

True or false: Birds with bite wounds to face or feet, it is a medical emergency

A

True

35
Q

Why is it a medical emergency for birds to have bite wounds?

A

Sepsis can happen within 24 hours

36
Q

What are some examples of inhaled toxins for birds?

A

Cigarette smokes, fire smoke, cleaning agents, self-cleaning ovens

37
Q

What should be done to treat inhaled toxins?

A

Place in incubator with 100% Oxygen therapy

EXOTICS (2 decks)

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