Avian Anatomy Flashcards
What gland is responsible for from water proofing and insulating feathers?
Uropygial gland or preen gland
In some species the beak is covered by this fleshy membrane that is also used for sexing.
Cere
What are considered the “ornament” features?
Snood: Turkey
Wattles and comb: Chicken
What are the tracts that feathers are found in and what is the name of the featherless areas?
Pterylae - Feather tracks
Apteria - non feather areas
What are the important features of the down feathers and the contour feathers?
Contour feathers cover the down feathers and define contour of body and wings.
Down feathers are important for heating and insulation
What are the names for the wing feathers and the tail feathers and what is their function?
Remiges and retrices.
Function: specialized contour feathers for flight.
What is the name of the new feathers that have blood vessels in the shaft and can bleed if damaged?
Pin/blood feathers
When do the blood vessels retract in the feather?
When feather is at full length
What is the attachment site for the pectoral muscles and makes up the majority of the ventral body wall?
Keel bone
What bone has calcium reserves for egg production?
Medullary (trabecular) bone.
What structure permits the movement of both the maxilla and mandible?
Jugal or quadrojugal arch
What sight on the ventral body wall is used for bone marrow sampling, landmark for pectoral injections and assessing body condition?
The Keel Bone
The clavicle is fused at the midline to form what structure?
Furcula also called the wish bone
Which bone is used for IO catheterization?
Ulnar bone
What are the 2 carpal bones?
Radial and ulna
How many metacarpal bones are found in avians?
3 metacarpals and corresponding digits
What is the name and function of the triangular fold running from the shoulder to the carpus?
Called Propatagium and it provides an aerodynamic lift
These processes are part of the ribs directed caudodorsally and overlap the next rib which provide attachment sites for muscles and ligaments to strengthen thoracic wall.
Uncinate processes
The pectoral girdle consist of what three bones?
Clavicles, coracoids and scapula
What bone of the pectoral girdle acts as a brace against the up and down strokes of the wings?
Coracoid bone
The carpometacarpus is made up of what fused bones?
Carpal and metacarpal bones
What fused bones make up the Tibiotarsus?
Tibia with proximal tarsals
What fused bones make up the Tarsometatarsus?
Distal tarsals and metatarsus.
What mechanism allows for perching?
Stay apparatus - small projections from digital flexor tendons interdigitate with invaginations on tendons tendon sheaths of neighboring muscles.
