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geography yr9 > Autunm term Geography > Flashcards

Autunm term Geography Flashcards

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1
Q

How does the shape of tectonics support the theory of plate tectonics?

A

Africa and South America join together like a jigsaw indicating that they used to be joined together.

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2
Q

How does the sea floor spreading support the theory of plate tectonics?

A

The sea floor is spreading meaning the continents are drifting apart.

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3
Q

How does the dating rocks support the theory of plate tectonics?

A

Some rocks may have been connected before and we know from how old the rock is.

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4
Q

How does the rocks and fossils support the theory of plate tectonics?

A

Fossils of the same species of animal were found in different tectonics.

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5
Q

What is the Richter scale?

A

The Richter scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake.

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6
Q

Why are some earthquakes not that dangerous?

A

.Location of earthquakes
.Buildings affected by earthquake

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7
Q

How can we reduce the impacts of an earthquake:

A

.Build buildings to protect people
.Reduce number of buildings next to rivers/seas
.Build away from fault lines
.Earthquake drills
.Evacuation

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8
Q

What is an advantage of proportional squares?

A

It shows areas of the UK that have earthquakes

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9
Q

What is a disadvantage of proportional squares?

A

It would be better with circles to show the radius

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10
Q

Cause of tsunami in order:

A

1) Plates move towards each other
2) Plate movement causes earthquake
3) Sea above earthquake forced upwards
4) Sea movement causes tsunami
5) Tsunami waves spread quickly
6) Tsunami reaches the shore

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11
Q

What are the types of plate boundaries?

A

Constructive plate boundary, destructive plate boundary and conservative plate boundary

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12
Q

What is a conservative plate boundary?

A

Conservative plate boundary are when two plates rub against each other and create friction. This causes a lot of pressure to build up. The two plates slide and create an earthquake due to the pressure.

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13
Q

Cross section of Earth

A

Core, mantle then crust

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14
Q

What are destructive boundaries?

A

Destructive boundaries - tension builds up when one plate gets stuck as it’s moving down past the other into the mantle.

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15
Q

What are constructive boundaries?

A

Constructive boundaries - tension builds along cracks within the plates as they move away from each other

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16
Q

Why are tectonic plates moving?

A

Convection currents

17
Q

What are collision boundaries?

A

Collision boundaries - tension builds as the plates are pushed together.

18
Q

Seismic waves

A

Waves of energy released by the earthwuake

19
Q

fault line underground

A

it will split as this is where the two tectonic plates split

20
Q

focus

A

the point in the Earth where the earthquake starts.

21
Q

fault line

A

this is where the pressure builds up

22
Q

epicentre

A

the point on the Earth’s surface straight above the focus

23
Q

viscous lava

A

the viscous lava is thick, sticky lava that can’t flow far

24
Q

(words)

A
25
Q

words

A
26
Q

images

A
27
Q

images

A
28
Q

Volcanoes - destructive plate boundaries

Explain how volcanoes form at destructive plate boundaries

A
29
Q

Causes of volcanoes

Causes of volcanoes

A
30
Q

Causes of earthquakes

A

Occur at destructive and constructive plate margins

see image

31
Q

Causes of earthquakes

A

Occur at all 3 types of plate margin: destructive,constructive and conservative

see image

32
Q

Sichuan earthquake facts and impacts

A

Sichuan earthquake CHINA 2008:

  1. About 69000 died
  2. 4,800,000 people left homeless
  3. $191 billion damage
    4.The epicentre was 1500 km away from Beijing, but in Beijing the earthquake was strongly felt.
33
Q

Sichuan earthquake linked explanations

A

Landslides and rock falls damaged or destroyed roads and railways.
Soft shale rock crumbled, caused landslides,and blocked rivers causing QUAKE LAKES

34
Q

Why did some buildings collapse and some survive?

A

Some buildings were made of brittle materials such as bricks and plaster- not earthquake proof

Some buildings had better foundations such as more pillars and they survived. The main reason for some buildings surviving is the buildings being made of ductile materials.

35
Q

Can dams create earthquakes?

A

The dams immense weight and pressures from a large dam could produce tremors

36
Q

Earth quake responses

A

50000 troops and armed police were initially sent to help with the relief effort

Rescue groups from South Korea, Japan and Russia helped rescue effort

37
Q

P waves

A

P waves

Longitudinal
Fast moving
Travel through liquids and solids
Not dangerous
38
Q

S waves

A

S waves

Transverse
Slower moving than P waves
Travel through solids only
Dangerous

geography yr9 (2 decks)

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