Autumn 1 - Urban futures Flashcards
what is urbanisation
the increase in proportion of people living in urban areas
what is a world city?
A city that has influence over the whole world
what is a mega city
a city with a population of over 10 million people
what are the causes of rapid urbanisation in LIDCs (push factors)
-frequent natural disasters in rural areas
-civil wars like Syrian civil war can force people to leave a place
-automation e.g in agriculture, machines take peoples jobs forcing them to leave
what are the causes of rapid urbanisation in LIDCs (pull factors)
-they are earning decent pay in factories
-cities have more nurses, doctors, teachers, and other wellbeing infrastructure
what are consequences of urbanisation in LIDCs (positive)
-the increase in population in urban areas creates a skilled workforce that attracts TNCs creating jobs
what are consequences of urbanisation in LIDCs (negative)
-inadequate waste disposal, high incidences of disease and conflict
-rapid urbanisation puts pressure on transport systems and job opportunities
what are the causes of sub-urbanisation in the UK (pull factors)
-more family friendly
-lower crime rates in the suburbs
-house prices and taxes are lower
what are the causes of sub-urbanisation in the UK (push factors)
-inner cities are more congested
-high crime rate in inner cities
-loss of manufacturing jobs
what is sub-urbanisation?
the process by which the suburbs grow as a city expands outwards
what is counter-urbanisation?
the movement of people from urban to rural areas
what are the causes of counter-urbanisation in the UK?
-as people start growing older they are looking to retire in quieter more rural areas
-to start a family people want a low crime rate
-lower house prices
consequences for the urban area (negative)
-inner cities are left with abandoned buildings
-public transport goes into a decline because the new residents are car owners
consequences for the rural area (posistive)
-there can be an improvement in some services
-farmers are able to earn extra income by selling unwanted land for development
what stage of Rostow’s model is Zambia at?
stage 3 -take off
why is London significant regionally?
-can accommodate the worlds largest ships. in 2014 the port handled 300,000 shipping containers
-created 12,000 jobs since the London gateway opened
why is London significant nationally?
-London has become the place where TNCs prefer to locate. of 500 TNCs in the UK 271 have there headquarters in London
-London has more than 40 universities
-it has an orbital motorway (M25)
why is London significant globally?
-London has 6 major airports
-Heathrow, the UKs largest airport has around 1300 planes land and take off everyday
-London is also one of the worlds largest major financial centres
what are some contemporary challenges that affect life in London?
-Housing availability
-Transport provision
