Autonomy And Best Interests

Question 1

What principles underpin the Duty of Care?

Answer 1

Respect autonomy
Act in patient’s best interests
Protect a patient from harm
(Be aware that these can conflict…)

Question 2

Is capacity fixed?

Answer 2

No - decision specific

Question 3

What is the purpose of the Mental Capacity Act?

Answer 3

A set of criteria for assessing capacity
Used to make best interest decisions
Used to justify short-term restraint

Question 4

What factors are taken into account when making Best Interest Decisions?

Answer 4

Patient’s past & present wishes, feelings, beliefs, values, etc

Question 5

What are the 4 Theories of Best Interests?

Answer 5

Mental State Theory - happiness
Desire Fulfilment Theory - autonomous choices
Objective List Theory - agreed criteria for achieving well-being
Composite Theories - combinations

Question 6

What must be considered in situations where restraint is used?

Answer 6

The harm to the person if not restrained and treated vs harm of restraining
The Minimum level of restraint required
Proportionality of the restraint to the benefit of the treatment

Question 7

What are the four principles in Medical Ethics?

Answer 7

Respect for Patient Autonomy
Beneficence
Non-Maleficence
Justice