Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

sketchy pharm > Autonomics: Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors > Flashcards

Autonomics: Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Flashcards

1
Q

What are Indirect Cholinomimetics?

A

They upregulate the actions of acetylcholine “indirectly”, for example by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

A

They degrade acetylcholinesterase, thus increasing synaptic concentrations of Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the common suffix for Ach inhibitors?

A

“-stigmine”

the stigma graffiti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does acetylcholinesterase normally affect?

A

It inhibits effects of Ach at the NMJ, increased activity of nictoinic ach receptors, leading to increased strength of contractions

(noted by the skeletal muscle brick wall)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Myasthenia Gravis?

A

caused by antibodies against nicotinic Ach receptors at the motor end plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the effects of MG?

A

Progressive muscle weakness, ptosis, diplopia, caused by inactivated nicotinic receptors at motor end plate

(graffiti covering motor end plate outlets)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What drug is used as a long term treatment for MG?

A

Pyridostigmine

community PRIDE girl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the goal of treatment for MG?

A

Give Ach inhibitors in order to increase Ach at NMJ endplate to outcompete MG antibodies

(removing MG graffiti on end plates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aside from pyridostigmine, what is another MG treatment?

A

Neostigmine

neon STIGMA sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the MOA of edrophonium?

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that transiently reverses symptoms of MG

(phone booth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why do the MG drugs not penetrate the CNS? what is the result?

A

They are quaternary amines, and thus do not penetrate into the CNS. The result is that they only relieve symptoms for 5-15 minutes

(“quarters only” in the telephone booth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the Tensilon Test

A

Edrophonium reverses muscle weakness in undertreated MG patients. If it fails to reverse muscle weakness, MG not the issue (probably cholinergic crisis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the MOA of Curare?

A

A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that inhibits nictonic Ach receptors at the NMJ endplate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the role of neostigmine post-op?

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as neostigmine/edrophonium can be used to reverse the effects of curare-like compounds in anesthesia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the MOA of Succinlycholine?

A

It is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that overstimulates the NMJ, causing muscles to remain depolarized and unable to respond to stimulus

(dude unable to clean the SUCKS graffiti)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which Ach inhibitor has central effects?

A

Physostigmine - tertiary amine

phys ed center

17
Q

What are some CNS effects of Atropine?

A

Mad as a hatter, Hot as a hare, Blind as a bat

Atropine in Wonderland

18
Q

What is physostigmine used for?

A

Atropine overdose, nightshade poisoning, jimson weed poisoning

19
Q

What does DUMBBELS stand for?

A 
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Lacrimation
Salivation
Sweating
20
Q

What is seen in Ach inhibitor toxicity?

A

Flaccid Paralysis

weak nicotine kid

21
Q

What are organophosphates?

A

The -thiols. Insecticides are organophosphates, a type of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

22
Q

What is used to reverse organophosphate toxicity?

A

Pralidoxime

Reverses organophosphate toxicity by hydrolyzing the covalent bond

(closing LID on toxic waste)

23
Q

What is the MOA of pralidoxime?

A

Regenerates acetylcholinesterase at muscarinic and nictonic receptors

(brand new toxic waste dumpster)

24
Q

What is the difference between Atropine and Pralidoxime when used for organophosphate poisioning?

A

Atropine reverses both peripheral and central muscarinic toxicity, whereas pralidoxime is peripheral only

25
Q

What is the effect of aging on the organophosphate-cholinesterase complex?

A

Irreversible Binding - Pralidoxime is ineffective at this point

(old pest control man next to a corroded dumpster)

26
Q

What are the three acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used to treat Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Galantamine, Rivastigmine, Donepezil

alzheimer’s GALA, “reverse the stigma”, done with puzzle

27
Q

What is the significance of the brain puzzle the two oldies are completing?

A

The three Alzheimer’s drugs penetrate the CNS

sketchy pharm (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions