Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology 3 book flashcards > Autonomics > Flashcards

Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

acetylcholine synthesis

A

in nerve terminal

acetyl CoA + choline by acetyltransferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is acetyl CoA made?

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where does the choline come from?

A

transported in

-RATE LIMITING STEP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what inhibits transport of choline? blocks synthesis

A

hemicholinium

-blocks uptake of choline and slows synthesis of acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does vesamicol block?

A

storage or packaging of Acetylcholine into vesicles by VAT

-depletes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what breaks down acetylcholine?

A

acetylcholinesterase in synaptic cleft

-products recycled back into body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

substance that blocks release of acetylcholine

A

botulinum toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

norepinephrine causes

A

vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

similarity between NE and D and acetylcholine release?

A

use SNARE’s and synaptobrevin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the difference between acetylcholine and NE/D metabolism?

A

NE/D NOT metabolized in synaptic cleft, diffusion and reuptaken by NET and DAT transporters
-metabolized outside the cleft, by MOA and COMT , products excreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

drug that blocks synthesis of NE/D

A

metyrosine

  • blocks tyrosine hydroxylase
  • slows synthesis of NE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

drug that blocks catecholamine storage

A

reserpine

-depletes adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

drug that blocks catecholamine release?

A

guanethidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

drug that blocks NE reuptake

A

cocaine, TCA

-inhibit reuptake, increase transmitter effect on postsynpatic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why are drugs that block synthesis, storage and release catecholamines good for treating hypertension?

A

because block sympathetic but not parasympathetic functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Muscarinic receptors

A

respond to acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

M1 receptors

A

nerve endings

  • Gq coupled receptor
  • increases IP3, DAG cascade
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

M2

A

heart (some nerve endings)
Gi coupled receptor
*decreases cAMP, activated K channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

M3

A

smooth muscle, glands, endothelium

  • Gq coupled receptor
  • increases IP3, DAG cascade
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

nicotinic receptors

A

respond to acetylcholine and nicotine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nn

A

ANS ganglia

  • Na-K ion channel
  • depolarizes, evokes an action potential
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nm

A

neuromuscular end plate
Na-K ion channel
-depolarizes, evokes an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

adrenoceptors: alpha receptors

A

are located on vascular smooth muscle, presynaptic nerve terminals, blood platelets, fat cells, neurons in brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Alpha 1

A

smooth muscle and glands

  • Gq
  • increases IP3, DAG cascade
  • increases calcium concentration, secretion
25
Q

Alpha 2

A

nerve endings, smooth muscle
Gi
-decrease cAMP
-decrease transmitter release (nerves) causes contraction of muscle

26
Q

Beta adrenoceptors

A

most types of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, some nerve terminals and fat cells

27
Q

Beta 1

A

cardiac muscle, juxtaglomerular appartus

  • Gs-> increases cAMP->
  • increase HR
  • increases force
  • increases renin release
28
Q

Beta 2

A

smooth muscle, liver, heart

  • Gs-> increase cAMP
  • RELAXES smooth muscle, increases glycogenolysis, and increase HR and increases force
29
Q

Beta 3

A

adipose cells
Gs-> increase cAMP
-increases lipolysis

30
Q

dopamine

A

smooth muscle

  • Gs-> increases cAMP
  • relax renal vascular smooth muscle
31
Q

sympathetic effect on: eyes

A

radial muscle-> contracts via alpha 1

ciliary muscle-> relaxes via beta

32
Q

sympathetic effect on: heart

A

SA node: accelerates via B1, B2
ectopic pacemakers: accelerates via B1 and B2
contractility: increases via B1/B2

33
Q

sympathetic effect on: blood vessels

A

skin, splanchnic vessels: contracts via A
skeletal muscle: relaxes via B2 (also by M3)
contracts via A

34
Q

sympathetic effect on: bronchial smooth muscle

A

relaxes via B2

35
Q

sympathetic effect on: GI

A

smooth muscle:

wall: relaxes via A2 and B2
sphincters: contract via A1
secretion: inhibited via A2

36
Q

sympathetic effect on: GU smooth muscle

A

bladder wall: relaxes via B2
sphincter contracts via A1
uterus, pregnant: relaxes via B2
contracts via A
penis, seminal vesicles: ejaculation via A

37
Q

sympathetic effect on: skin

A

pilomotor smooth muscle: contracts via A
sweat glands:
thermoregulatory: increases via M
apocrine: increases via A

38
Q

sympathetic effect on: metabolic function

A

liver: gluconeogenesis via B2/A
liver: glycogenolysis via B2/A
fat cells: lipolysis via B3
kidney: renin release via B1

39
Q

sympathetic effect on: ANS

A

parasympathetic: decreases ACh release via A

40
Q

parasympathetic effects on: eyes

A

circular muscle: contracts via M3

ciliary muscle: contracts via M3

41
Q

parasympathetic effects on: heart

A

SA node: decelerates M2

contractility: decreases (atria) via M2

42
Q

parasympathetic effects on: bronchiolar smooth muscle

A

contracts via M3

43
Q

parasympathetic effects on: GI smooth muscle

A

walls: contracts via M3
sphincters: relaxes via M3
secretion: increases M3
myenteric plexus: activates M1

44
Q

parasympathetic effects on: GU smooth muscle

A

bladder wall: contracts via M3
sphincter relaxes via M3
uterus pregnant: contracts via M3
penis, seminal vesicle: erection M

45
Q

parasympathetic effects on: ANS

A

sympathetic: decreases NE release via M^e

46
Q

MOA of local anesthetics, tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin

A

site: nerve axons

block sodium channels, block conduction

47
Q

w-conotoxin GVIA

A

site: nerve terminal calcium channels

- reduces release

48
Q

alpha-latrotoxin

A

cholinergic and adrenergic vesicles

-causes explosive release

49
Q

tyramine, amphetamine

A

adrenergic nerve terminals

-promote release

50
Q

6-hydroxydopamine

A

adrenergic nerve terminals

-destroys terminals

51
Q

atropine

A

parasympathetic effect cells

-binds muscarinic receptors-> prevents activation

52
Q

bethanechol

A

parasympathetic effect cells: smooth muscle, glands

-binds and activates M receptors

53
Q

tubocurarine

A

neuromuscular end plates

-prevents activation of Nm receptors

54
Q

nicotine

A

receptors of Nm cholinergic junctions: ANS, NME plates

-binds nicotinic receptors: opens ion channel in post-synaptic membrane

55
Q

propranolol

A

adrenergic junctions

-binds B receptors: prevent activation

56
Q

isoproterenol

A

adrenergic junctions

-binds B receptors-> activates adenylyl cyclase

57
Q

phentolamine

A

adrenergic junctions

binds A receptors: prevents activation

58
Q

NE

A

adrenergic junctions

-binds A receptors: causes activation

Pharmacology 3 book flashcards (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions