Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards
What are cholinomimetic drugs
Agonist of acetylcholine (direct acting)
T/F: Cholinesterase inhibitors act directly with acetylcholine
False: Cholinesterase inhibtors act indirectly on acetylcholine
T/F: Cholinergic antagonists work on muscarinic and nicotinic receptor antagonists
True
What is the key neurotransmitter in the autonomic nervous system
Acetylcholine
What is the substrate, coenzyme, and enzyme needed to create acetylcholine
Choline, Acetyl-Coa, Choline Acetyl Transferase
How are signals transduced in nicotinic receptors, muscarinic receptors
Ligand-gated ion channels, G-coupled protein receptors
What do muscarinic receptors innervate
Nerve, heart and smooth muscle, Glands and endothelium
What do nicotinic receptors innervate
neuromuscular end plate/skeletal muscle, autonomic ganglion cells, central nervous system
What is the MOA of cholinesterase inhibitors
Block acetylcholine degradation and allow for longer resonance time of acetycholine on to acetylcholine receptors
What is the major muscarinic receptor antagonist
Atropine
How does Atropine work to be an antidote for severe cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
Blocks muscarinic excess at exocrine glands, hearts, and smooth muscle
What are symptoms of excess muscarinic antagonists receptor drugs (hint: Bloody Mary)
hyperthermia (hot), blurred vision, dry mouth/skin, flushed skin (red), confusion, urinary retention
What are effects of direct-acting cholinoreceptor stimulant (agonsists) on the heart
reduced SA node rate, reduced Atria contractile strength, reduced AV node conduction velocity, small refractoryu strength of ventricles
What is used to treat excess muscarinic antagonists
cholinesterase inhibitors/ neostigmine, pyridostigmine, physostigmine
