autonomic pharm Flashcards
describe the parasympathetic nervous pathway
- preganglionic fibers secretes acetycholine onto nicotinic receptor
- post-ganglionic fiber secretes acetycholine on muscarinic receptor on target organ
in the parasympathetic nervous pathway, where do preganglionic fibers originate from?
cranial and sacral areas
in the sympathetic nervous pathway, where do preganglionic fibers originate from?
thoracic and lumbar
in the sympathetic nervous system, pre ganglionic fibers release what neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine
in the sympathetic nervous system, post ganglionic fibers release what neurotransmitters?
- NE
- ACh
- Epi
- Dopamine
sympathetic innervation to sweat glands is done via what neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine
innervation of adrenal medulla is done via what neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine
adrenal medulla releases what neurotransmitters?
- NE
- epi
how is acetylcholine synthesized?
choline + aceytl CoA —ChAT–> acetylcholine
how and where is acetylcholine inactivated?
inactivated by acetyl-cholinesterase in the synaptic cleft
how is Norepinephrine synthesized?
- tyrosine enters nerve terminal
- tyrosine -> DOPA -> dopamine -> NE
function of Metyrosine
blocks DOPA synthesis
function of Reserpine
depletes NE in vesicle
function of cocaine
block reuptake of NE
NE is metabolized by what two compounds?
- MAO
- COMT
NE and epinephrine are metabolized by MAO and COMT to form what metabolite
VMA
dopamine is metaoblized by MAO and COMT to form what compound
HVA (homovanillic acid)
name the cholinergic receptors
- M1
- M2
- M3
- Nicotinic
the cholinergic receptors M1 is found where?
- sweat glands
- Sympathetic
the cholinergic receptors M2 is found where?
- heart
- presynaptic
the cholinergic receptors M3 is found where?
- lungs
- smooth muscle
- endothelium
- **everywhere! think driving GI activity and driver of parasympathetic
M1 cholinergic receptor activates what G protein
Gq
- PLC-> IP3 + DAG
- increases calcium influx
M2 cholinergic receptor activates what G protein
- Gi
- inhibits adenylyl cyclase and cAMP
- **makes heart beat slower
M3 cholinergic receptor activates what G protein
Gq
Nicotinic cholinergic receptors are on what channels
- Na+ channel
- NN
- NM