Autonomic-Nervous-system-Drugs-studenT Flashcards
often referred to as the “fight-or-flight” system
Sympathetic Nervous System
Primarily on smooth muscle cells, particularly in
blood vessels, iris dilator muscle, bladder sphincter, and salivary glands
Alpha 1
- Primarily on presynaptic nerve terminals and act as a modulator of NE release
Alpha 2
Primarily located in the heart
Beta 1
Primarily located in the lungs, smooth muscles of the blood vessels and uterine muscles
Beta 2
- Primarily located in adipose tissue
Beta 3
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM is Responsible for preparing the body to ____________________.
respond to stress
Drugs that mimic the effect of the norepinephrine(2 answer)
- Sympathomimetics
- Adrenergic agonists
Drug that blocks the effect of norepinephrine
(2 answer)
- Sympatholytics
- Adrenergic Antagonist
Also termed as cholinergic/ craniosacral system
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
____________ is the major neurotransmitter.
Acetylcholine
Drugs that mimic acetylcholine(2 answer)
- Parasympathomimetics
- Cholinergic agonists
Drugs that block acetylcholine(2 answer)
- Parasympatholytics
- Cholinergic antagonists
- Used in emergencies
- Treats Allergic reaction, anaphylaxis,bronchospasm & cardiac arrest
- Potent inotropic drug
Epinephrine
- Potent vasoconstrictor that increases BP and cardiac output
Norepinephrine
- Selective for beta-2 adrenergic receptors
- Response: bronchodilation
- Used to treat bronchospasm, asthma: bronchitis
- Should not be given with MAOI (can cause hypertensive crisis)
Albuterol
- Acts on B1 & B2 receptors
- Response: Bronchodilation
Isoproterenol
- Used to treat hypotensive state, bronchospasm
- Relief of hay fever, sinusitis and allergic rhinitis
Ephedrine
- Selective Alpha 2 adrenergic drug
- used to treat hypertension
Clonidine
- Drug of choice for shock
Dopamine
- Used in treatment of CHF as it increases contractility without change in rate or increase in O2 demand.
Dobutamine
antidote for NE and dopamine overdose.
Phentolamine
- Drugs that block or inhibit a response at the alphaadrenergic receptor sites
Alpha-adrenergic Blockers
Non-selective Alpha Blockers (A1, A2 )
Phentolamine
Selective Alpha Blockers (A1) (2 answer)
- Doxazosin
- Prazosin
Non-selective Beta-adrenergic Blockers (B1, B2) (4 answer)
- Propranolol
- Carvedilol
- Nadolol
- Timolol
Caution when giving Non-selective Beta-Adrenergic
Blockers: (3)
- COPD
- Bronchial Asthma
- Diabetes Mellitus
Selective Beta-1 Blockers (4)
- Metoprolol
- Atenolol
- Acebutolol
- Betaxolol
Drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system.
CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS
2 Types of Cholinergic Receptors
- Muscarinic Receptors
- Nicotinic Receptors
Stimulate smooth muscles & slows heart rate.
- Muscarinic Receptors
Used to treat urinary retention and abdominal distention
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
- Constricts the pupil of the eye
- Treatment of glaucoma
Pilocarpine
SIGNS OF OVERDOSE (3)
- Salivations
- Sweating
- Abdominal cramps
antidote for cholinergic overdose
ATROPINE SULFATE:
- Reversible Anti-cholinesterase (3)
- Physostigmine
- Neostigmine
- Pyridostigmine
- Irreversible Cholinesterase (2)
-Potent agents
- Has long-lasting effect
= antidote for irreversible acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting drugs
PRALIDOXIME
“SLUDGE”
S - alivation
L - acrimation
U - rinary incontinence
D - iarrhea
G - astrointestinal cramps
E – mesis
- Drugs that inhibit the action Of acetylcholine by occupying Its receptors.
ANTI-CHOUNERGICS
