Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What is the length of sympathetic pre ganglionic and post ganglionic fibres?
Short pre-ganglionic
Long post-ganglionic
Where is the outflow of the sympathetic system?
Thoracolumbar (T1-L2)
What type of ganglia are sympathetic ganglia?
Paravertebral (sympathetic chain)
Prevertebral (near organs)
Chromaffins cells of adrenal medulla.
What cranial nerves contain parasympathetic outflow?
CN III - oculomotor
CN VII - facial
CN IX - glossopharyngeal
CN X - vagus
What neurotransmitter and receptors are present at sympathetic synapses between pre and post ganglionic cells?
Acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors.
What neurotransmitter and receptors are present at parasympathetic synapses between pre and post ganglionic cells?
Acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors.
What neurotransmitter and receptors are present at parasympathetic synapses between post ganglionic cells and their targets?
Acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors.
What neurotransmitter and receptors are present at sympathetic synapses between post ganglionic cells and their target?
Noradrenaline on alpha and beta receptors (adrenergic).
How do post ganglionic cells within the adrenal medulla act?
Release adrenaline on alpha and beta receptors (adrenergic).
What is the function of alpha 1 receptors?
Makes smooth muscle contract.
What is the function of beta 2 receptors?
Makes smooth muscle relax.
What causes vasoconstriction in blood vessels?
Sympathetic nerves cause vasoconstriction.
In what structures do parasympathetic nerves cause vasodilation?
Genitals and gonads. They do not innervate any other blood vessels.
What is the outflow of the parasympathetic system?
Craniosacral (CN3,7,9,10 and S2-S4)
