Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
describe the division of the nervous system
-function (somatic and autonomic)
autonomic-sympathetic and parasympathetic
describe Enteric NS
a self contained collection of nerve plexuses that surround the GI tract and receive inputs from both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
what do the following components of the brain controll
I-medulla oblongata
II-midbrain
III-hypothalamus
I-respiration/heart rate/blood pressure
II-visual
III-temperature/osmolarity
what does it mea that both divisions (sympathetic/parasympathetic) work antagonistically
this means that they have opposite actions and work against eachother
describe sympathetic NS
activation of the sympathetic nervous system:
-results in a “fight ot flight” response, prepares body for stress and emergencies
-this releases the neurotransmitters “noradrenaline” and “adrenaline”
-this originate from the thoracic and lumbar region of spinal cord
effects:
-increase heart rate and blood pressure
-dilates pupils and bronchi
-decrease digestion
describe the Parasympathetic NS
activation of parasympathetic nervous system
-causes a rest and digest response promoting relaxation and conserves energy
-releases neurotransmitter acetylcholine
-originates from brainstem and sacral region of spinal cord
effects:
-decrease heart rate and blood pressure
-constricts pupils and bronchi
-increases digestion
discuss the post and pre ganglionic neuron within symapthetic NS
in the sympathetic NS
-shorter preganglionic neuron
-longer post ganglionic neuron
describe the gannglionic neuron in the parasympathetic NS
in parasympathetic NS
-long preganglionic neuron
-short post ganglionic neuron
what neurotransmitter is releasesd at the post and pre ganglionic neuron in the sympathetic nervous system
preganglionic-acetylcholine
postganglionic-norepinephrine/noradrenaline
what neurotransmitter is releasesd at the post and pre ganglionic neuron in the parasympathetic nervous system
preganglionic-acetylcholine
postganglionic-acetylcholine
